1 Tawarikh 14:1-17
Konteks14:1 King Hiram of Tyre 1 sent messengers to David, along with cedar logs, stonemasons, 2 and carpenters to build a palace for him. 14:2 David realized that the Lord had established him as king over Israel and that he had elevated 3 his kingdom for the sake of his people Israel.
14:3 In Jerusalem 4 David married 5 more wives and fathered more sons and daughters. 14:4 These are the names of children born to him in Jerusalem: Shammua, Shobab, Nathan, Solomon, 14:5 Ibhar, Elishua, Elpelet, 14:6 Nogah, Nepheg, Japhia, 14:7 Elishama, Beeliada, 6 and Eliphelet.
14:8 When the Philistines heard that David had been anointed 7 king of all Israel, all the Philistines marched up to confront him. 8 When David heard about it, he marched out against 9 them. 14:9 Now the Philistines had come and raided 10 the Valley of Rephaim. 14:10 David asked God, “Should I march up against the Philistines? Will you hand them over to me?” The Lord said to him, “March up! I will hand them over to you!” 14:11 So they marched against Baal Perazim and David defeated them there. David said, “Using me as his instrument, 11 God has burst out against my enemies like water bursts out.” So that place is called Baal Perazim. 12 14:12 The Philistines left 13 their idols 14 there, so David ordered that they be burned.
14:13 The Philistines again raided the valley. 14:14 So David again asked God what he should do. 15 This time 16 God told him, “Don’t march up after them; circle around them and come against them in front of the trees. 17 14:15 When you hear the sound of marching in the tops of the trees, then attack. 18 For at that moment the Lord is going before you to strike down the army 19 of the Philistines.” 14:16 David did just as God commanded him, and they struck down the Philistine army from Gibeon to Gezer.
14:17 So David became famous 20 in all the lands; the Lord caused all the nations to fear him. 21
1 Tawarikh 14:1
Konteks14:1 King Hiram of Tyre 22 sent messengers to David, along with cedar logs, stonemasons, 23 and carpenters to build a palace for him.
1 Tawarikh 1:1--20:8
Konteks1:1 Adam, Seth, Enosh, 1:2 Kenan, Mahalalel, Jered, 1:3 Enoch, Methuselah, Lamech, 1:4 Noah, Shem, Ham, and Japheth. 24
1:5 The sons of Japheth:
Gomer, Magog, Madai, Javan, Tubal, Meshech, and Tiras.
1:6 The sons of Gomer:
Ashkenaz, Riphath, 25 and Togarmah.
Elishah, Tarshish, the Kittites, and the Rodanites. 27
1:8 The sons of Ham:
Cush, Mizraim, 28 Put, and Canaan.
1:9 The sons of Cush:
Seba, Havilah, Sabta, Raamah, and Sabteca.
The sons of Raamah:
Sheba and Dedan.
1:10 Cush was the father of Nimrod, who established himself as a mighty warrior on earth. 29
1:11 Mizraim was the father of the Ludites, Anamites, Lehabites, Naphtuhites, 1:12 Pathrusites, Casluhites (from whom the Philistines descended 30 ), and the Caphtorites.
1:13 Canaan was the father of Sidon – his firstborn – and Heth, 1:14 as well as the Jebusites, Amorites, Girgashites, 1:15 Hivites, Arkites, Sinites, 1:16 Arvadites, Zemarites, and Hamathites.
1:17 The sons of Shem:
Elam, Asshur, Arphaxad, Lud, and Aram.
The sons of Aram: 31
Uz, Hul, Gether, and Meshech. 32
1:18 Arphaxad was the father of Shelah, and Shelah was the father of Eber. 1:19 Two sons were born to Eber: the first was named Peleg, for during his lifetime the earth was divided; 33 his brother’s name was Joktan.
1:20 Joktan was the father of Almodad, Sheleph, Hazarmaveth, Jerah, 1:21 Hadoram, Uzal, Diklah, 1:22 Ebal, 34 Abimael, Sheba, 1:23 Ophir, Havilah, and Jobab. All these were the sons of Joktan.
1:24 Shem, Arphaxad, Shelah, 35 1:25 Eber, Peleg, Reu, 1:26 Serug, Nahor, Terah, 1:27 Abram (that is, Abraham).
1:28 The sons of Abraham:
Isaac and Ishmael.
1:29 These were their descendants:
Ishmael’s firstborn son was Nebaioth; the others were 36 Kedar, Adbeel, Mibsam, 1:30 Mishma, Dumah, Massa, Hadad, Tema, 1:31 Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah. These were the sons of Ishmael.
1:32 The sons to whom Keturah, Abraham’s concubine, 37 gave birth:
Zimran, Jokshan, Medan, Midian, Ishbak, Shuah.
The sons of Jokshan:
Sheba and Dedan.
1:33 The sons of Midian:
Ephah, Epher, Hanoch, Abida, and Eldaah. All these were the sons of Keturah.
1:34 Abraham was the father of Isaac. The sons of Isaac:
Esau and Israel.
1:35 The sons of Esau:
Eliphaz, Reuel, Jeush, Jalam, and Korah.
1:36 The sons of Eliphaz:
Teman, Omar, Zephi, 38 Gatam, Kenaz, and (by Timna) Amalek. 39
1:37 The sons of Reuel:
Nahath, Zerah, Shammah, and Mizzah.
1:38 The sons of Seir:
Lotan, Shobal, Zibeon, Anah, Dishon, Ezer, and Dishan.
1:39 The sons of Lotan:
Hori and Homam. (Timna was Lotan’s sister.) 40
1:40 The sons of Shobal:
Alyan, 41 Manahath, Ebal, Shephi, 42 and Onam.
The sons of Zibeon:
Aiah and Anah.
Dishon.
The sons of Dishon:
Hamran, 44 Eshban, Ithran, and Keran.
1:42 The sons of Ezer:
Bilhan, Zaavan, Jaakan. 45
The sons of Dishan: 46
Uz and Aran.
1:43 These were the kings who reigned in the land of Edom before any king ruled over the Israelites:
Bela son of Beor; the name of his city was Dinhabah.
1:44 When Bela died, Jobab son of Zerah from Bozrah, succeeded him. 47
1:45 When Jobab died, Husham from the land of the Temanites succeeded him.
1:46 When Husham died, Hadad son of Bedad succeeded him. He struck down the Midianites in the plains of Moab; the name of his city was Avith.
1:47 When Hadad died, Samlah from Masrekah succeeded him.
1:48 When Samlah died, Shaul from Rehoboth on the river 48 succeeded him.
1:49 When Shaul died, Baal-Hanan son of Achbor succeeded him.
1:50 When Baal-Hanan died, Hadad succeeded him; the name of his city was Pai. 49 His wife was Mehetabel, daughter of Matred, daughter of Me-Zahab.
1:51 Hadad died.
The tribal chiefs of Edom were:
Timna, Alvah, Jetheth, 1:52 Oholibamah, Elah, Pinon, 1:53 Kenaz, Teman, 50 Mibzar, 1:54 Magdiel, Iram. 51 These were the tribal chiefs of Edom.
2:1 These were the sons of Israel: 52
Reuben, Simeon, Levi, and Judah;
Issachar and Zebulun;
2:2 Dan, Joseph, and Benjamin;
Naphtali, Gad, and Asher.
2:3 The sons of Judah:
Er, Onan, and Shelah. These three were born to him by Bathshua, 53 a Canaanite woman. Er, Judah’s firstborn, displeased the Lord, so the Lord killed him. 54
2:4 Tamar, Judah’s 55 daughter-in-law, bore to him Perez and Zerah. Judah had five sons in all.
2:5 The sons of Perez:
Hezron and Hamul.
2:6 The sons of Zerah:
Zimri, Ethan, Heman, Kalkol, Dara 56 – five in all.
Achan, 58 who brought the disaster on Israel when he stole what was devoted to God. 59
Azariah.
2:9 The sons born to Hezron:
Jerahmeel, Ram, and Caleb. 61
2:10 Ram was the father of Amminadab, and Amminadab was the father of Nahshon, the tribal chief of Judah. 2:11 Nahshon was the father of Salma, 62 and Salma was the father of Boaz. 2:12 Boaz was the father of Obed, and Obed was the father of Jesse.
2:13 Jesse was the father of Eliab, his firstborn; Abinadab was born second, Shimea third, 2:14 Nethanel fourth, Raddai fifth, 2:15 Ozem sixth, David seventh. 2:16 Their sisters were Zeruiah and Abigail. Zeruiah’s three sons were Abshai, 63 Joab, and Asahel. 2:17 Abigail bore Amasa, whose father was Jether the Ishmaelite.
2:18 Caleb son of Hezron fathered sons by his wife Azubah (also known as Jerioth). 64 Her sons were Jesher, Shobab, and Ardon. 2:19 When Azubah died, Caleb married 65 Ephrath, who bore him Hur. 2:20 Hur was the father of Uri, and Uri was the father of Bezalel.
2:21 Later 66 Hezron had sexual relations with 67 the daughter of Makir, the father of Gilead. (He had married 68 her when he was sixty years old.) She bore him Segub. 2:22 Segub was the father of Jair, who owned twenty-three cities in the land of Gilead. 2:23 (Geshur and Aram captured the towns of Jair, 69 along with Kenath and its sixty surrounding towns.) All these were descendants of Makir, the father of Gilead.
2:24 After Hezron’s death, Caleb had sexual relations with Ephrath, his father Hezron’s widow, and she bore to him Ashhur the father of Tekoa. 70
2:25 The sons of Jerahmeel, Hezron’s firstborn, were Ram, the firstborn, Bunah, Oren, Ozem, and Ahijah. 2:26 Jerahmeel had another wife named Atarah; she was Onam’s mother.
2:27 The sons of Ram, Jerahmeel’s firstborn, were Maaz, Jamin, and Eker.
2:28 The sons of Onam were Shammai and Jada.
The sons of Shammai:
Nadab and Abishur.
2:29 Abishur’s wife was Abihail, who bore him Ahban and Molid.
2:30 The sons of Nadab:
Seled and Appaim. (Seled died without having sons.)
Ishi.
The son of Ishi:
Sheshan.
The son of Sheshan:
Ahlai.
2:32 The sons of Jada, Shammai’s brother:
Jether and Jonathan. (Jether died without having sons.)
2:33 The sons of Jonathan:
Peleth and Zaza.
These were the descendants of Jerahmeel.
2:34 Sheshan had no sons, only daughters. Sheshan had an Egyptian servant named Jarha. 2:35 Sheshan gave his daughter to his servant Jarha as a wife; she bore him Attai.
2:36 Attai was the father of Nathan, and Nathan was the father of Zabad. 2:37 Zabad was the father of Ephlal, and Ephlal was the father of Obed. 2:38 Obed was the father of Jehu, and Jehu was the father of Azariah. 2:39 Azariah was the father of Helez, and Helez was the father of Eleasah. 2:40 Eleasah was the father of Sismai, and Sismai was the father of Shallum. 2:41 Shallum was the father of Jekamiah, and Jekamiah was the father of Elishama.
2:42 The sons of Caleb, Jerahmeel’s brother:
His firstborn Mesha, the father of Ziph, and his second son Mareshah, 72 the father of Hebron.
2:43 The sons of Hebron:
Korah, Tappuah, Rekem, and Shema.
2:44 Shema was the father of Raham, the father of Jorkeam. Rekem was the father of Shammai. 2:45 Shammai’s son was Maon, who was the father of Beth-Zur.
2:46 Caleb’s concubine 73 Ephah bore Haran, Moza, and Gazez. Haran was the father of Gazez.
2:47 The sons of Jahdai:
Regem, Jotham, Geshan, Pelet, Ephah, and Shaaph.
2:48 Caleb’s concubine Maacah bore Sheber and Tirhanah. 2:49 She also bore Shaaph the father of Madmannah and Sheva the father of Machbenah and Gibea. Caleb’s daughter was Achsah.
2:50 These were the descendants of Caleb.
The sons 74 of Hur, the firstborn of Ephrath: 75
Shobal, the father of Kiriath Jearim, 2:51 Salma, the father of Bethlehem, Hareph, the father of Beth-Gader.
2:52 The sons of Shobal, the father of Kiriath Jearim, were Haroeh, half of the Manahathites, 76 2:53 the clans of Kiriath Jearim – the Ithrites, Puthites, Shumathites, and Mishraites. (The Zorathites and Eshtaolites descended from these groups.) 77
2:54 The sons of Salma:
Bethlehem, the Netophathites, Atroth Beth-Joab, half the Manahathites, the Zorites, 2:55 and the clans of the scribes 78 who lived in Jabez: the Tirathites, Shimeathites, and Sucathites. These are the Kenites who descended 79 from Hammath, the father of Beth-Rechab. 80
3:1 These were the sons of David who were born to him in Hebron:
The firstborn was Amnon, whose mother was Ahinoam from Jezreel;
the second was Daniel, whose mother was Abigail from Carmel;
3:2 the third was Absalom whose mother was Maacah, daughter of King Talmai of Geshur;
the fourth was Adonijah, whose mother was Haggith;
3:3 the fifth was Shephatiah, whose mother was Abital;
the sixth was Ithream, whose mother was Eglah.
3:4 These six were born to David 81 in Hebron, where he ruled for seven years and six months.
He ruled thirty-three years in Jerusalem. 82 3:5 These were the sons born to him in Jerusalem:
Shimea, 83 Shobab, Nathan, and Solomon – the mother of these four was Bathsheba 84 the daughter of Ammiel. 85
3:6 The other nine were Ibhar, Elishua, 86 Elpelet, 87 3:7 Nogah, Nepheg, Japhia, 3:8 Elishama, Eliada, and Eliphelet.
3:9 These were all the sons of David, not counting the sons of his concubines. 88 Tamar was their sister.
3:10 Solomon’s son was Rehoboam,
followed by Abijah his son,
Asa his son,
Jehoshaphat his son,
Ahaziah his son,
Joash his son,
3:12 Amaziah his son,
Azariah his son,
Jotham his son,
3:13 Ahaz his son,
Hezekiah his son,
Manasseh his son,
3:14 Amon his son,
Josiah his son.
3:15 The sons of Josiah:
Johanan was the firstborn; Jehoiakim was born second; Zedekiah third; and Shallum fourth.
3:16 The sons of Jehoiakim:
his son Jehoiachin 90 and his son Zedekiah.
3:17 The sons of Jehoiachin the exile: 91
Shealtiel his son, 3:18 Malkiram, Pedaiah, Shenazzar, Jekamiah, Hoshama, and Nedabiah.
3:19 The sons of Pedaiah:
Zerubbabel and Shimei.
The sons of Zerubbabel:
Meshullam and Hananiah. Shelomith was their sister.
3:20 The five others were Hashubah, Ohel, Berechiah, Hasadiah, and Jushab-Hesed.
3:21 The descendants of Hananiah:
Pelatiah, Jeshaiah, the sons of Rephaiah, of Arnan, of Obadiah, and of Shecaniah.
3:22 The descendants of Shecaniah:
Shemaiah and his sons: Hattush, Igal, Bariah, Neariah, and Shaphat – six in all.
3:23 The sons of Neariah:
Elioenai, Hizkiah, and Azrikam – three in all.
3:24 The sons of Elioenai:
Hodaviah, Eliashib, Pelaiah, Akkub, Johanan, Delaiah, and Anani – seven in all.
4:1 The descendants of Judah:
Perez, Hezron, Carmi, Hur, and Shobal.
4:2 Reaiah the son of Shobal was the father of Jahath, and Jahath was the father of Ahumai and Lahad. These were the clans of the Zorathites.
4:3 These were the sons of Etam:
Jezreel, Ishma, and Idbash. Their sister was Hazzelelponi.
4:4 Penuel was the father of Gedor, and Ezer was the father of Hushah. These were the descendants of Hur, the firstborn of Ephrathah and the father of Bethlehem.
4:5 Ashhur the father of Tekoa had two wives, Helah and Naarah. 4:6 Naarah bore him Ahuzzam, Hepher, Temeni, and Haahashtari. These were the sons of Naarah. 4:7 The sons of Helah: Zereth, Zohar, Ethnan, 4:8 and Koz, who was the father of Anub, Hazzobebah, and the clans of Aharhel the son of Harum.
4:9 Jabez was more respected than his brothers. His mother had named him Jabez, for she said, “I experienced pain when I gave birth to him.” 92 4:10 Jabez called out to the God of Israel, “If only 93 you would greatly bless me and expand my territory! May your hand be with me! Keep me from harm so I might not endure pain!” 94 God answered his prayer. 95
4:11 Kelub, the brother of Shuhah, was the father of Mehir, who was the father of Eshton. 4:12 Eshton was the father of Beth-Rapha, Paseah, and Tehinnah, the father of Ir Nahash. 96 These were the men of Recah.
4:13 The sons of Kenaz:
Othniel and Seraiah.
The sons of Othniel:
Hathath and Meonothai. 97 4:14 Meonothai was the father of Ophrah.
Seraiah was the father of Joab, the father of those who live in Ge Harashim, who were craftsmen. 98
4:15 The sons of Caleb son of Jephunneh:
Iru, Elah, and Naam.
The son of Elah:
Kenaz. 99
4:16 The sons of Jehallelel:
Ziph, Ziphah, Tiria, and Asarel.
4:17 The sons of Ezrah:
Jether, Mered, Epher, and Jalon.
Mered’s wife Bithiah 100 gave birth to Miriam, Shammai, and Ishbah, the father of Eshtemoa. 4:18 (His Judahite wife gave birth to Jered the father of Gedor, Heber the father of Soco, and Jekuthiel the father of Zanoah.) These were the sons of Pharaoh’s daughter Bithiah, whom Mered married. 101
4:19 The sons of Hodiah’s wife, the sister of Naham:
the father of Keilah the Garmite, and Eshtemoa the Maacathite.
4:20 The sons of Shimon:
Amnon, Rinnah, Ben-Hanan, and Tilon.
The descendants of Ishi:
Zoheth and Ben Zoheth. 102
4:21 The sons of Shelah son of Judah:
Er the father of Lecah, Laadah the father of Mareshah, the clans of the linen workers at Beth-Ashbea, 4:22 Jokim, the men of Cozeba, and Joash and Saraph, both of whom ruled in Moab and Jashubi Lehem. (This information is from ancient records.) 103 4:23 They were the potters who lived in Netaim and Gederah; they lived there and worked for the king. 104
4:24 The descendants of Simeon:
Nemuel, Jamin, Jarib, Zerah, Shaul, 4:25 his son Shallum, his son Mibsam, and his son Mishma.
4:26 The descendants of Mishma:
His son Hammuel, his son Zaccur, and his son Shimei.
4:27 Shimei had sixteen sons and six daughters. But his brothers did not have many sons, so their whole clan was not as numerous as the sons of Judah. 4:28 They lived in Beer Sheba, Moladah, Hazar Shual, 4:29 Bilhah, Ezem, Tolad, 4:30 Bethuel, Hormah, Ziklag, 4:31 Beth Marcaboth, Hazar Susim, Beth Biri, and Shaaraim. These were their towns until the reign of David. 4:32 Their settlements also included Etam, Ain, Rimmon, Tochen, and Ashan – five towns. 4:33 They also lived in all the settlements that surrounded these towns as far as Baal. 105 These were their settlements; they kept genealogical records.
4:34 Their clan leaders were: 106
Meshobab, Jamlech, Joshah son of Amaziah, 4:35 Joel, Jehu son of Joshibiah (son of Seraiah, son of Asiel), 4:36 Eleoenai, Jaakobah, Jeshohaiah, Asaiah, Adiel, Jesimiel, Benaiah, 4:37 Ziza son of Shipi (son of Allon, son of Jedaiah, son of Shimri, son of Shemaiah). 4:38 These who are named above were the leaders of their clans.
Their extended families increased greatly in numbers. 4:39 They went to the entrance of Gedor, to the east of the valley, looking for pasture for their sheep. 4:40 They found fertile and rich pasture; the land was very broad, undisturbed and peaceful. Indeed some Hamites had been living there prior to that. 4:41 The men whose names are listed came during the time of King Hezekiah of Judah and attacked the Hamites’ settlements, 107 as well as the Meunites they discovered there, and they wiped them out to this very day. They dispossessed them, 108 for they found pasture for their sheep there. 4:42 Five hundred men of Simeon, led by Pelatiah, Neariah, Rephaiah, and Uzziel, the sons of Ishi, went to the hill country of Seir 4:43 and defeated the rest of the Amalekite refugees; 109 they live there to this very day.
5:1 The sons of Reuben, Israel’s firstborn –
(Now he was the firstborn, but when he defiled his father’s bed, 110 his rights as firstborn were given to the sons of Joseph, Israel’s son. So Reuben is not listed as firstborn in the genealogical records. 111 5:2 Though Judah was the strongest among his brothers and a leader descended from him, 112 the right of the firstborn belonged to Joseph.)
5:3 The sons of Reuben, Israel’s firstborn:
Hanoch, Pallu, Hezron, and Carmi.
5:4 The descendants of Joel:
His son Shemaiah, his son Gog, his son Shimei, 5:5 his son Micah, his son Reaiah, his son Baal, 5:6 and his son Beerah, whom King Tiglath-pileser 113 of Assyria carried into exile. Beerah 114 was the tribal leader of Reuben.
5:7 His brothers by their clans, as listed in their genealogical records:
The leader Jeiel, Zechariah, 5:8 and Bela son of Azaz, son of Shema, son of Joel.
They lived in Aroer as far as Nebo and Baal Meon. 5:9 In the east they settled as far as the entrance to the desert that stretches to the Euphrates River, for their cattle had increased in numbers in the land of Gilead. 5:10 During the time of Saul they attacked the Hagrites and defeated them. They took over their territory in the entire eastern region of Gilead. 115
5:11 The descendants of Gad lived near them in the land of Bashan, as far as Salecah.
5:12 They included Joel the leader, Shapham the second in command, Janai, and Shaphat in Bashan. 5:13 Their relatives, listed according to their families, 116 included Michael, Meshullam, Sheba, Jorai, Jacan, Zia, and Eber – seven in all.
5:14 These were the sons of Abihail son of Huri, son of Jaroah, son of Gilead, son of Michael, son of Jeshishai, son of Jahdo, son of Buz. 5:15 Ahi son of Abdiel, son of Guni, was the leader of the family. 117 5:16 They lived in Gilead, in Bashan and its surrounding settlements, and in the pasturelands of Sharon to their very borders. 118 5:17 All of them were listed in the genealogical records in the time of King Jotham of Judah and in the time of King Jeroboam of Israel.
5:18 The Reubenites, Gadites, and the half-tribe of Manasseh had 44,760 men in their combined armies, warriors who carried shields and swords, were equipped with bows, and were trained for war. 119 5:19 They attacked 120 the Hagrites, Jetur, Naphish, and Nodab. 5:20 They received divine help in fighting them, and the Hagrites and all their allies were handed over to them. They cried out to God during the battle; he responded to their prayers because they trusted in him. 121 5:21 They seized the Hagrites’ 122 animals, including 50,000 camels, 250,000 sheep, and 2,000 donkeys. They also took captive 100,000 people. 5:22 Because God fought for them, 123 they killed many of the enemy. 124 They dispossessed the Hagrites and lived in their land until the exile. 125
5:23 The half-tribe of Manasseh settled in the land from Bashan as far as Baal Hermon, Senir, and Mount Hermon. They grew in number.
5:24 These were the leaders of their families: 126
Epher, Ishi, Eliel, Azriel, Jeremiah, Hodaviah, and Jahdiel. They were skilled warriors, men of reputation, 127 and leaders of their families. 5:25 But they were unfaithful to the God of their ancestors 128 and worshiped instead 129 the gods of the native peoples 130 whom God had destroyed before them. 5:26 So the God of Israel stirred up 131 King Pul of Assyria (that is, King Tiglath-pileser of Assyria), 132 and he carried away the Reubenites, Gadites, and half-tribe of Manasseh and took them to Halah, Habor, Hara, and the river of Gozan, where they remain to this very day.
6:1 (5:27) 133 The sons of Levi:
Gershon, Kohath, and Merari.
6:2 The sons of Kohath:
Amram, Izhar, Hebron, and Uzziel.
6:3 The children of Amram:
Aaron, Moses, and Miriam.
The sons of Aaron:
Nadab, Abihu, Eleazar, and Ithamar.
6:4 Eleazar was the father of Phinehas, and Phinehas was the father of Abishua. 6:5 Abishua was the father of Bukki, and Bukki was the father of Uzzi. 6:6 Uzzi was the father of Zerahiah, and Zerahiah was the father of Meraioth. 6:7 Meraioth was the father of Amariah, and Amariah was the father of Ahitub. 6:8 Ahitub was the father of Zadok, and Zadok was the father of Ahimaaz. 6:9 Ahimaaz was the father of Azariah, and Azariah was the father of Johanan. 6:10 Johanan was the father of Azariah, who served as a priest in the temple Solomon built in Jerusalem. 134 6:11 Azariah was the father of Amariah, and Amariah was the father of Ahitub. 6:12 Ahitub was the father of Zadok, and Zadok was the father of Shallum. 6:13 Shallum was the father of Hilkiah, and Hilkiah was the father of Azariah. 6:14 Azariah was the father of Seraiah, and Seraiah was the father of Jehozadak. 6:15 Jehozadak went into exile when the Lord sent the people of 135 Judah and Jerusalem into exile by the hand of Nebuchadnezzar.
6:16 (6:1) 136 The sons of Levi:
Gershom, 137 Kohath, and Merari.
6:17 These are the names of the sons Gershom:
Libni and Shimei.
6:18 The sons of Kohath:
Amram, Izhar, Hebron, and Uzziel.
6:19 The sons of Merari:
Mahli and Mushi.
These are the clans of the Levites by their families. 138
6:20 To Gershom:
His son Libni, his son Jahath, his son Zimmah, 6:21 his son Joah, his son Iddo, his son Zerah, and his son Jeatherai.
His son Amminadab, his son Korah, his son Assir, 6:23 his son Elkanah, his son Ebiasaph, his son Assir, 6:24 his son Tahath, his son Uriel, his son Uzziah, and his son Shaul.
6:25 The sons of Elkanah:
Amasai, Ahimoth, 140 6:26 his son Elkanah, 141 his son Zophai, his son Nahath, 6:27 his son Eliab, his son Jeroham, and his son Elkanah. 142
6:28 The sons of Samuel:
Joel the firstborn 143 and Abijah the second oldest.
6:29 The descendants of Merari:
Mahli, his son Libni, his son Shimei, his son Uzzah, 6:30 his son Shimea, his son Haggiah, and his son Asaiah.
6:31 These are the men David put in charge of music in the Lord’s sanctuary, 144 after the ark was placed there. 6:32 They performed music 145 before the sanctuary 146 of the meeting tent until Solomon built the Lord’s temple in Jerusalem. 147 They carried out their tasks according to regulations.
6:33 These are the ones who served along with their sons:
From the Kohathites:
Heman the musician, son of Joel, son of Samuel, 6:34 son of Elkanah, son of Jeroham, son of Eliel, son of Toah, 6:35 son of Zuph, son of Elkanah, son of Mahath, son of Amasai, 6:36 son of Elkanah, son of Joel, son of Azariah, son of Zephaniah, 6:37 son of Tahath, son of Assir, son of Ebiasaph, son of Korah, 6:38 son of Izhar, son of Kohath, son of Levi, son of Israel.
6:39 Serving beside him was his fellow Levite Asaph, 148 son of Berechiah, son of Shimea, 6:40 son of Michael, son of Baaseiah, 149 son of Malkijah, 6:41 son of Ethni, son of Zerah, son of Adaiah, 6:42 son of Ethan, son of Zimmah, son of Shimei, 6:43 son of Jahath, son of Gershom, son of Levi.
6:44 Serving beside them were their fellow Levites, the descendants of Merari, led by 150 Ethan, son of Kishi, son of Abdi, son of Malluch, 6:45 son of Hashabiah, son of Amaziah, son of Hilkiah, 6:46 son of Amzi, son of Bani, son of Shemer, 6:47 son of Mahli, son of Mushi, son of Merari, son of Levi.
6:48 The rest of their fellow Levites 151 were assigned to perform the remaining tasks at God’s sanctuary. 152 6:49 But Aaron and his descendants offered sacrifices on the altar for burnt offerings and on the altar for incense as they had been assigned to do in the most holy sanctuary. 153 They made atonement for Israel, just as God’s servant Moses had ordered. 154
6:50 These were the descendants of Aaron:
His son Eleazar, his son Phinehas, his son Abishua, 6:51 his son Bukki, his son Uzzi, his son Zerahiah, 6:52 his son Meraioth, his son Amariah, his son Ahitub, 6:53 his son Zadok, and his son Ahimaaz.
6:54 These were the areas where Aaron’s descendants lived: 155
The following belonged to the Kohathite clan, for they received the first allotment: 156
6:55 They were allotted Hebron in the territory of Judah, as well as its surrounding pasturelands. 6:56 (But the city’s land and nearby towns were allotted to Caleb son of Jephunneh.) 6:57 The descendants of Aaron were also allotted as cities 157 of refuge Hebron, Libnah and its pasturelands, Jattir, Eshtemoa and its pasturelands, 6:58 Hilez 158 and its pasturelands, Debir and its pasturelands, 6:59 Ashan 159 and its pasturelands, 160 and Beth Shemesh and its pasturelands.
6:60 Within the territory of the tribe of Benjamin they were allotted 161 Geba and its pasturelands, Alemeth and its pasturelands, and Anathoth and its pasturelands. Their clans were allotted thirteen cities in all. 6:61 The rest of Kohath’s descendants were allotted ten cities in the territory of the half-tribe of Manasseh. 162
6:62 The clans of Gershom’s descendants received thirteen cities within the territory of the tribes of Issachar, Asher, Naphtali, and Manasseh (in Bashan). 163
6:63 The clans of Merari’s descendants were allotted twelve cities within the territory of the tribes of Reuben, Gad, and Zebulun. 164
6:64 So the Israelites gave to the Levites these cities and their pasturelands. 6:65 They allotted these previously named cities from the territory of the tribes of Judah, Simeon, and Benjamin. 165
6:66 The clans of Kohath’s descendants also received territory within the tribe of Ephraim. 166 6:67 They were allotted as cities 167 of refuge Shechem and its pasturelands (in the hill country of Ephraim), Gezer and its pasturelands, 6:68 Jokmeam and its pasturelands, Beth Horon and its pasturelands, 6:69 Aijalon and its pasturelands, and Gath Rimmon and its pasturelands.
6:70 Within the territory of the half-tribe of Manasseh, the rest of Kohath’s descendants received Aner and its pasturelands and Bileam and its pasturelands. 168
6:71 The following belonged to Gershom’s descendants: 169
Within the territory of the half-tribe of Manasseh: Golan in Bashan and its pasturelands and Ashtaroth and its pasturelands.
6:72 Within the territory of the tribe of Issachar: Kedesh and its pasturelands, Daberath and its pasturelands, 6:73 Ramoth and its pasturelands, and Anem and its pasturelands.
6:74 Within the territory of the tribe of Asher: Mashal and its pasturelands, Abdon and its pasturelands, 6:75 Hukok and its pasturelands, and Rehob and its pasturelands.
6:76 Within the territory of the tribe of Naphtali: Kedesh in Galilee and its pasturelands, Hammon and its pasturelands, and Kiriathaim and its pasturelands.
6:77 The following belonged to the rest of Merari’s descendants: 170
Within the territory of the tribe of Zebulun: Rimmono 171 and its pasturelands, and Tabor and its pasturelands.
6:78 Within the territory of the tribe of Reuben across the Jordan River east of Jericho: 172 Bezer in the desert and its pasturelands, Jahzah and its pasturelands, 6:79 Kedemoth and its pasturelands, and Mephaath and its pasturelands.
6:80 Within the territory of the tribe of Gad: Ramoth in Gilead and its pasturelands, Mahanaim and its pasturelands, 6:81 Heshbon and its pasturelands, and Jazer and its pasturelands.
7:1 The sons of Issachar:
Tola, Puah, Jashub, and Shimron – four in all.
7:2 The sons of Tola:
Uzzi, Rephaiah, Jeriel, Jahmai, Jibsam, 173 and Samuel. 174 They were leaders of their families. 175 In the time of David there were 22,600 warriors listed in Tola’s genealogical records. 176
Izrachiah.
The sons of Izrahiah:
Michael, Obadiah, Joel, and Isshiah. All five were leaders.
7:4 According to the genealogical records of their families, they had 36,000 warriors available for battle, for they had numerous wives and sons. 178 7:5 Altogether the genealogical records of the clans of Issachar listed 87,000 warriors. 179
Bela, Beker, and Jediael – three in all.
7:7 The sons of Bela:
Ezbon, Uzzi, Uzziel, Jerimoth, and Iri. The five of them were leaders of their families. There were 22,034 warriors listed in their genealogical records.
7:8 The sons of Beker:
Zemirah, Joash, Eliezer, Elioenai, Omri, Jeremoth, Abijah, Anathoth, and Alameth. All these were the sons of Beker. 7:9 There were 20,200 family leaders and warriors listed in their genealogical records.
Bilhan.
The sons of Bilhan:
Jeush, Benjamin, Ehud, Kenaanah, Zethan, Tarshish, and Ahishahar. 7:11 All these were the sons of Jediael. Listed in their genealogical records were 17,200 family leaders and warriors who were capable of marching out to battle.
7:12 The Shuppites and Huppites were descendants of Ir; the Hushites were descendants of Aher. 182
7:13 The sons of Naphtali:
Jahziel, 183 Guni, Jezer, and Shallum 184 – sons of Bilhah.
7:14 The sons of Manasseh:
Asriel, who was born to Manasseh’s Aramean concubine. 185 She also gave birth to Makir the father of Gilead. 7:15 Now Makir married a wife from the Huppites and Shuppites. 186 (His sister’s name was Maacah.)
Zelophehad was Manasseh’s second son; 187 he had only daughters.
7:16 Maacah, Makir’s wife, gave birth to a son, whom she named Peresh. His brother was Sheresh, and his sons were Ulam and Rekem.
Bedan.
These were the sons of Gilead, son of Makir, son of Manasseh. 7:18 His sister Hammoleketh gave birth to Ishhod, Abiezer, and Mahlah.
7:19 The sons of Shemida were Ahian, Shechem, Likhi, and Aniam.
7:20 The descendants of Ephraim:
Shuthelah, his son Bered, his son Tahath, his son Eleadah, his son Tahath, 7:21 his son Zabad, his son Shuthelah
(Ezer and Elead were killed by the men of Gath, who were natives of the land, when they went down to steal their cattle. 7:22 Their father Ephraim mourned for them many days and his brothers came to console him. 7:23 He had sexual relations with his wife; she became pregnant and gave birth to a son. Ephraim 189 named him Beriah because tragedy had come to his family. 190 7:24 His daughter was Sheerah, who built Lower and Upper Beth Horon, as well as Uzzen Sheerah),
7:25 his 191 son Rephah, his son Resheph, 192 his son Telah, his son Tahan, 7:26 his son Ladan, his son Ammihud, his son Elishama, 7:27 his son Nun, 193 and his son Joshua.
7:28 Their property and settlements included Bethel 194 and its surrounding towns, Naaran to the east, Gezer and its surrounding towns to the west, and Shechem and its surrounding towns as far as Ayyah and its surrounding towns. 7:29 On the border of Manasseh’s territory were Beth-Shean 195 and its surrounding towns, Taanach and its surrounding towns, Megiddo 196 and its surrounding towns, and Dor and its surrounding towns. The descendants of Joseph, Israel’s son, lived here.
7:30 The sons of Asher:
Imnah, Ishvah, Ishvi, and Beriah. Serah was their sister.
7:31 The sons of Beriah:
Heber and Malkiel, who was the father of Birzaith.
7:32 Heber was the father of Japhlet, Shomer, Hotham, and Shua their sister.
7:33 The sons of Japhlet:
Pasach, Bimhal, and Ashvath. These were Japhlet’s sons.
7:34 The sons of his brother 197 Shemer: 198
Rohgah, Hubbah, 199 and Aram.
7:35 The sons of his brother Helem: 200
Zophah, Imna, Shelesh, and Amal.
7:36 The sons of Zophah:
Suah, Harnepher, Shual, Beri, Imrah, 7:37 Bezer, Hod, Shamma, Shilshah, Ithran, 201 and Beera.
7:38 The sons of Jether:
Jephunneh, Pispah, and Ara.
7:39 The sons of Ulla:
Arah, Hanniel, and Rizia.
7:40 All these were the descendants of Asher. They were the leaders of their families, the most capable men, who were warriors and served as head chiefs. There were 26,000 warriors listed in their genealogical records as capable of doing battle. 202
8:1 Benjamin was the father of Bela, his firstborn; Ashbel was born second, Aharah 203 third, 8:2 Nohah fourth, and Rapha fifth.
8:3 Bela’s sons were Addar, Gera, Abihud, 8:4 Abishua, Naaman, Ahoah, 8:5 Gera, Shephuphan, and Huram.
8:6 These were the descendants of Ehud who were leaders of the families living in Geba who were forced to move to Manahath: 8:7 Naaman, Ahijah, and Gera, who moved them. Gera 204 was the father of Uzzah and Ahihud.
8:8 Shaharaim fathered sons in Moab after he divorced his wives Hushim and Baara. 8:9 By his wife Hodesh he fathered Jobab, Zibia, Mesha, Malkam, 8:10 Jeuz, Sakia, and Mirmah. These were his sons; they were family leaders. 8:11 By Hushim he fathered Abitub and Elpaal.
8:12 The sons of Elpaal:
Eber, Misham, Shemed (who built Ono and Lod, as well as its surrounding towns), 8:13 Beriah, and Shema. They were leaders of the families living in Aijalon and chased out the inhabitants of Gath.
8:14 Ahio, Shashak, Jeremoth, 8:15 Zebadiah, Arad, Eder, 8:16 Michael, Ishpah, and Joha were the sons of Beriah.
8:17 Zebadiah, Meshullam, Hizki, Heber, 8:18 Ishmerai, Izliah, and Jobab were the sons of Elpaal.
8:19 Jakim, Zikri, Zabdi, 8:20 Elienai, Zillethai, Eliel, 8:21 Adaiah, Beraiah, and Shimrath were the sons of Shimei.
8:22 Ishpan, Eber, Eliel, 8:23 Abdon, Zikri, Hanan, 8:24 Hananiah, Elam, Anthothijah, 8:25 Iphdeiah, and Penuel were the sons of Shashak.
8:26 Shamsherai, Shechariah, Athaliah, 8:27 Jaareshiah, Elijah, and Zikri were the sons of Jeroham. 8:28 These were the family leaders listed in the genealogical records; they lived in Jerusalem. 205
8:29 The father of Gibeon 206 lived in Gibeon; his wife’s name was Maacah. 8:30 His firstborn son was Abdon, followed by Zur, Kish, Baal, 207 Nadab, 8:31 Gedor, Ahio, Zeker, and Mikloth. 208
8:32 Mikloth was the father of Shimeah. They also lived near their relatives in Jerusalem. 209
8:33 Ner was the father of Kish, and Kish was the father of Saul. Saul was the father of Jonathan, Malki-Shua, Abinadab, and Eshbaal. 210
8:34 The son of Jonathan:
Meribbaal. 211
Meribbaal was the father of Micah.
8:35 The sons of Micah:
Pithon, Melech, Tarea, and Ahaz.
8:36 Ahaz was the father of Jehoaddah, and Jehoaddah was the father of Alemeth, Azmaveth, and Zimri. Zimri was the father of Moza, 8:37 and Moza was the father of Binea. His son was Raphah, whose son was Eleasah, whose son was Azel.
8:38 Azel had six sons: Azrikam his firstborn, 212 followed by Ishmael, Sheariah, 213 Obadiah, and Hanan. All these were the sons of Azel.
8:39 The sons of his brother Eshek:
Ulam was his firstborn, Jeush second, and Eliphelet third. 8:40 The sons of Ulam were warriors who were adept archers. 214 They had many sons and grandsons, a total of 150.
All these were the descendants of Benjamin.
9:1 Genealogical records were kept for all Israel; they are recorded in the Scroll of the Kings of Israel.
The people of Judah 215 were carried away to Babylon because of their unfaithfulness. 9:2 The first to resettle on their property and in their cities were some Israelites, priests, Levites, and temple servants. 216 9:3 Some from the tribes of Judah, Benjamin, and Ephraim and Manasseh settled in Jerusalem. 217
9:4 The settlers included: 218 Uthai son of Ammihud, son of Omri, son of Imri, son of Bani, who was a descendant of Perez son of Judah.
9:5 From the Shilonites: Asaiah the firstborn and his sons.
9:6 From the descendants of Zerah: Jeuel.
Their relatives numbered 690.
9:7 From the descendants of Benjamin:
Sallu son of Meshullam, son of Hodaviah, son of Hassenuah; 9:8 Ibneiah son of Jeroham; Elah son of Uzzi, son of Mikri; and Meshullam son of Shephatiah, son of Reuel, son of Ibnijah.
9:9 Their relatives, listed in their genealogical records, numbered 956. All these men were leaders of their families. 219
9:10 From the priests:
Jedaiah; Jehoiarib; Jakin; 9:11 Azariah son of Hilkiah, son of Meshullam, son of Zadok, son of Meraioth, son of Ahitub the leader in God’s temple; 9:12 Adaiah son of Jeroham, son of Pashhur, son of Malkijah; and Maasai son of Adiel, son of Jahzerah, son of Meshullam, son of Meshillemith, son of Immer.
9:13 Their relatives, who were leaders of their families, numbered 1,760. They were capable men who were assigned to carry out the various tasks of service in God’s temple. 220
9:14 From the Levites:
Shemaiah son of Hasshub, son of Azrikam, son of Hashabiah a descendant of Merari; 9:15 Bakbakkar; Heresh; Galal; Mattaniah son of Mika, son of Zikri, son of Asaph; 9:16 Obadiah son of Shemaiah, son of Galal, son of Jeduthun; and Berechiah son of Asa, son of Elkanah, who lived among the settlements of the Netophathites.
9:17 The gatekeepers were:
Shallum, Akkub, Talmon, Ahiman, and their brothers. Shallum was the leader; 9:18 he serves to this day at the King’s Gate on the east. These were the gatekeepers from the camp of the descendants of Levi.
9:19 Shallum son of Kore, son of Ebiasaph, son of Korah, and his relatives from his family (the Korahites) were assigned to guard the entrance to the sanctuary. 221 Their ancestors had guarded the entrance to the Lord’s dwelling place. 222 9:20 Phinehas son of Eleazar had been their leader in earlier times, and the Lord was with him. 9:21 Zechariah son of Meshelemiah was the guard at the entrance to the meeting tent.
9:22 All those selected to be gatekeepers at the entrances numbered 212. Their names were recorded in the genealogical records of their settlements. David and Samuel the prophet 223 had appointed them to their positions. 224 9:23 They and their descendants were assigned to guard the gates of the Lord’s sanctuary (that is, the tabernacle). 225 9:24 The gatekeepers were posted on all four sides – east, west, north, and south. 9:25 Their relatives, who lived in their settlements, came from time to time and served with them for seven-day periods. 9:26 The four head gatekeepers, who were Levites, were assigned to guard the storerooms and treasuries in God’s sanctuary. 226 9:27 They would spend the night in their posts all around God’s sanctuary, 227 for they were assigned to guard it and would open it with the key every morning. 9:28 Some of them were in charge of the articles used by those who served; they counted them when they brought them in and when they brought them out. 228 9:29 Some of them were in charge of the equipment and articles of the sanctuary, 229 as well as the flour, wine, olive oil, incense, and spices. 9:30 (But some of the priests mixed the spices.) 9:31 Mattithiah, a Levite, the firstborn son 230 of Shallum the Korahite, was in charge of baking the bread for offerings. 9:32 Some of the Kohathites, their relatives, were in charge of preparing the bread that is displayed each Sabbath.
9:33 The musicians and Levite family leaders stayed in rooms at the sanctuary 231 and were exempt from other duties, for day and night they had to carry out their assigned tasks. 9:34 These were the family leaders of the Levites, as listed in their genealogical records. They lived in Jerusalem.
9:35 Jeiel (the father of Gibeon) lived in Gibeon. His wife was Maacah. 9:36 His firstborn son was Abdon, followed by Zur, Kish, Baal, Ner, Nadab, 9:37 Gedor, Ahio, Zechariah, and Mikloth. 9:38 Mikloth was the father of Shimeam. They also lived near their relatives in Jerusalem. 232
9:39 Ner was the father of Kish, and Kish was the father of Saul. Saul was the father of Jonathan, Malki-Shua, Abinadab, and Eshbaal. 233
9:40 The son of Jonathan:
Meribbaal, 234 who was the father of Micah.
9:41 The sons of Micah:
Pithon, Melech, Tahrea, and Ahaz. 235
9:42 Ahaz was the father of Jarah, 236 and Jarah was the father of Alemeth, Azmaveth, and Zimri. Zimri was the father of Moza, 9:43 and Moza was the father of Binea. His son was Rephaiah, whose son was Eleasah, whose son was Azel.
9:44 Azel had six sons: Azrikam his firstborn, 237 followed by Ishmael, Sheariah, Obadiah, and Hanan. These were the sons of Azel.
10:1 Now the Philistines fought against Israel. The Israelites fled before the Philistines and many of them fell dead on Mount Gilboa. 10:2 The Philistines stayed right on the heels of 238 Saul and his sons. They 239 struck down Saul’s 240 sons Jonathan, Abinadab, and Malki-Shua. 10:3 The battle was thick 241 around Saul; the archers spotted him and wounded him. 242 10:4 Saul told his armor bearer, “Draw your sword and stab me with it. Otherwise these uncircumcised people will come and torture me.” 243 But his armor bearer refused to do it, because he was very afraid. So Saul took the sword and fell on it. 10:5 When his armor bearer saw that Saul was dead, he also fell on his sword and died. 10:6 So Saul and his three sons died; his whole household 244 died together. 10:7 When all the Israelites who were in the valley saw that the army 245 had fled and that Saul and his sons were dead, they abandoned their cities and fled. The Philistines came and occupied them.
10:8 The next day, when the Philistines came to strip loot from the corpses, they discovered Saul and his sons lying dead on Mount Gilboa. 10:9 They stripped his corpse, and then carried off his head and his armor. They sent messengers throughout the land of the Philistines proclaiming the news to their idols and their people. 10:10 They placed his armor in the temple of their gods 246 and hung his head in the temple of Dagon. 10:11 When all the residents of Jabesh Gilead heard about everything the Philistines had done to Saul, 10:12 all the warriors went and recovered the bodies of Saul and his sons 247 and brought them to Jabesh. They buried their remains 248 under the oak tree in Jabesh and fasted for seven days.
10:13 So Saul died because he was unfaithful to the Lord and did not obey the Lord’s instructions; he even tried to conjure up underworld spirits. 249 10:14 He did not seek the Lord’s guidance, so the Lord 250 killed him and transferred the kingdom to David son of Jesse.
11:1 All Israel joined David at Hebron and said, “Look, we are your very flesh and blood! 251 11:2 In the past, even when Saul was king, you were Israel’s commanding general. 252 The Lord your God said to you, ‘You will shepherd my people Israel; you will rule over my people Israel.’” 11:3 When all the leaders 253 of Israel came to the king at Hebron, David made an agreement 254 with them in Hebron before the Lord. They anointed 255 David king over Israel, just as the Lord had announced through Samuel. 256
11:4 David and the whole Israelite army 257 advanced to Jerusalem (that is, Jebus). 258 (The Jebusites, the land’s original inhabitants, lived there.) 259 11:5 The residents of Jebus said to David, “You cannot invade this place!” But David captured the fortress of Zion (that is, the City of David). 11:6 260 David said, “Whoever attacks 261 the Jebusites first will become commanding general!” 262 So Joab son of Zeruiah attacked 263 first and became commander. 264 11:7 David lived in the fortress; for this reason it is called the City of David. 11:8 He built up the city around it, from the terrace to the surrounding walls; 265 Joab restored the rest of the city. 11:9 David’s power steadily grew, for the Lord who commands armies was with him. 266
11:10 These were the leaders of David’s warriors who helped establish and stabilize his rule over all Israel, in accordance with the Lord’s word. 267 11:11 This is the list of David’s warriors: 268
Jashobeam, a Hacmonite, was head of the officers. 269 He killed three hundred men with his spear in a single battle. 270
11:12 Next in command 271 was Eleazar son of Dodo the Ahohite. He was one of the three elite warriors. 11:13 He was with David in Pas Dammim 272 when the Philistines assembled there for battle. In an area of the field that was full of barley, the army retreated before the Philistines, 11:14 but then they made a stand in the middle of that area. They defended it 273 and defeated the Philistines; the Lord gave them a great victory. 274
11:15 Three of the thirty leaders went down to David at the rocky cliff at the cave of Adullam, while a Philistine force was camped in the Valley of Rephaim. 11:16 David was in the stronghold at the time, while a Philistine garrison was in Bethlehem. 275 11:17 David was thirsty and said, “How I wish someone would give me some water to drink 276 from the cistern in Bethlehem near the city gate!” 11:18 So the three elite warriors 277 broke through the Philistine forces and drew some water from the cistern in Bethlehem near the city gate. They carried it back to David, but David refused to drink it. He poured it out as a drink offering to the Lord 11:19 and said, “God forbid that I should do this! 278 Should I drink the blood of these men who risked their lives?” 279 Because they risked their lives to bring it to him, he refused to drink it. Such were the exploits of the three elite warriors. 280
11:20 Abishai the brother of Joab was head of the three 281 elite warriors. He killed three hundred men with his spear 282 and gained fame along with the three elite warriors. 283 11:21 From 284 the three he was given double honor and he became their officer, even though he was not one of them. 285
11:22 Benaiah son of Jehoiada was a brave warrior from Kabzeel who performed great exploits. He struck down the two sons of Ariel of Moab; 286 he also went down and killed a lion inside a cistern on a snowy day. 11:23 He even killed an Egyptian who was seven and a half feet 287 tall. The Egyptian had a spear as big as the crossbeam of a weaver’s loom; Benaiah attacked 288 him with a club. He grabbed the spear out of the Egyptian’s hand and killed him with his own spear. 11:24 Such were the exploits of Benaiah son of Jehoiada, who gained fame along with the three elite warriors. 11:25 He received honor from 289 the thirty warriors, though he was not one of the three elite warriors. David put him in charge of his bodyguard.
11:26 The mighty warriors were:
Asahel the brother of Joab,
Elhanan son of Dodo, from Bethlehem, 290
11:27 Shammoth the Harorite, 291
Helez the Pelonite, 292
11:28 Ira son of Ikkesh the Tekoite,
Abiezer the Anathothite,
11:29 Sibbekai 293 the Hushathite,
Ilai 294 the Ahohite,
11:30 Maharai the Netophathite,
Heled son of Baanah the Netophathite,
11:31 Ithai 295 son of Ribai from Gibeah in Benjaminite territory,
Benaiah the Pirathonite,
11:32 Hurai 296 from the valleys of Gaash,
Abiel 297 the Arbathite,
11:33 Azmaveth the Baharumite, 298
Eliahba the Shaalbonite,
11:34 the sons of Hashem 299 the Gizonite,
Jonathan son of Shageh 300 the Hararite,
11:35 Ahiam son of Sakar 301 the Hararite,
Eliphal son of Ur, 302
11:36 Hepher the Mekerathite,
Ahijah the Pelonite,
11:37 Hezro 303 the Carmelite,
Naarai son of Ezbai,
11:38 Joel the brother of Nathan, 304
Mibhar son of Hagri,
11:39 Zelek the Ammonite,
Naharai the Beerothite, the armor-bearer of Joab son of Zeruiah,
11:40 Ira the Ithrite,
Gareb the Ithrite,
11:41 Uriah the Hittite,
Zabad son of Achli,
11:42 Adina son of Shiza the Reubenite, leader of the Reubenites and the thirty warriors with him,
11:43 Hanan son of Maacah,
Joshaphat the Mithnite,
11:44 Uzzia the Ashterathite,
Shama and Jeiel, the sons of Hotham the Aroerite,
11:45 Jediael son of Shimri,
and Joha his brother, the Tizite,
11:46 Eliel the Mahavite,
and Jeribai and Joshaviah, the sons of Elnaam,
and Ithmah the Moabite,
11:47 Eliel,
and Obed,
and Jaasiel the Mezobaite.
12:1 These were the men who joined David in Ziklag, when he was banished 305 from the presence of Saul son of Kish. (They were among the warriors who assisted him in battle. 12:2 They were armed with bows and could shoot arrows or sling stones right or left-handed. They were fellow tribesmen of Saul from Benjamin. 306 ) These were: 307
12:3 Ahiezer, the leader, and Joash, the sons of Shemaah the Gibeathite; Jeziel and Pelet, the sons of Azmaveth;
Berachah,
Jehu the Anathothite,
12:4 Ishmaiah the Gibeonite, one of the thirty warriors and their leader,
(12:5)308 Jeremiah,
Jahaziel,
Johanan,
Jozabad the Gederathite,
12:5 (12:6) Eluzai,
Jerimoth,
Bealiah,
Shemariah,
Shephatiah the Haruphite,
12:6 Elkanah, Isshiah, Azarel, Joezer, and Jashobeam, who were Korahites,
12:7 and Joelah and Zebadiah, the sons of Jeroham from Gedor.
12:8 Some of the Gadites joined David at the stronghold in the desert. They were warriors who were trained for battle; they carried shields and spears. They were as fierce as lions and could run as quickly as gazelles across the hills. 309 12:9 Ezer was the leader, Obadiah the second in command, Eliab the third, 12:10 Mishmannah the fourth, Jeremiah the fifth, 12:11 Attai the sixth, Eliel the seventh, 12:12 Johanan the eighth, Elzabad the ninth, 12:13 Jeremiah the tenth, and Machbannai the eleventh. 12:14 These Gadites were military leaders; the least led a hundred men, the greatest a thousand. 310 12:15 They crossed the Jordan River 311 in the first month, 312 when it was overflowing its banks, and routed those living in all the valleys to the east and west. 313
12:16 Some from Benjamin and Judah also came to David’s stronghold. 12:17 David went out to meet them and said, 314 “If you come to me in peace and want to help me, then I will make an alliance with you. 315 But if you come to betray me to my enemies when I have not harmed you, 316 may the God of our ancestors 317 take notice and judge!” 12:18 But a spirit 318 empowered 319 Amasai, the leader of the thirty warriors, and he said: 320
“We are yours, O David!
We support 321 you, O son of Jesse!
May you greatly prosper! 322
May those who help you prosper! 323
Indeed 324 your God helps you!”
So David accepted them and made them leaders of raiding bands.
12:19 Some men from Manasseh joined 325 David when he went with the Philistines to fight against Saul. (But in the end they did not help the Philistines because, after taking counsel, the Philistine lords sent David away, saying: “It would be disastrous for us if he deserts to his master Saul.”) 326 12:20 When David 327 went to Ziklag, the men of Manasseh who joined him were Adnach, Jozabad, Jediael, Michael, Jozabad, Elihu, and Zillethai, leaders of a thousand soldiers each in the tribe of Manasseh. 12:21 They helped David fight against raiding bands, for all of them were warriors and leaders in the army. 12:22 Each day men came to help David until his army became very large. 328
12:23 The following is a record of the armed warriors who came with their leaders and joined David in Hebron in order to make David king in Saul’s place, in accordance with the Lord’s decree: 329
12:24 From Judah came 6,800 trained warriors carrying shields and spears. 330
12:25 From Simeon there were 7,100 warriors.
12:26 From Levi there were 4,600. 12:27 Jehoiada, the leader of Aaron’s descendants, brought 3,700 men with him, 12:28 along with Zadok, a young warrior, and twenty-two leaders from his family.
12:29 From Benjamin, Saul’s tribe, 331 there were 3,000, most of whom, up to that time, had been loyal to Saul. 332
12:30 From Ephraim there were 20,800 warriors, who had brought fame to their families. 333
12:31 From the half tribe of Manasseh there were 18,000 who had been designated by name to come and make David king.
12:32 From Issachar there were 200 leaders and all their relatives at their command – they understood the times and knew what Israel should do. 334
12:33 From Zebulun there were 50,000 warriors who were prepared for battle, equipped with all kinds of weapons, and ready to give their undivided loyalty. 335
12:34 From Naphtali there were 1,000 officers, along with 37,000 men carrying shields and spears.
12:35 From Dan there were 28,600 men prepared for battle.
12:36 From Asher there were 40,000 warriors prepared for battle.
12:37 From the other side of the Jordan, from Reuben, Gad, and the half tribe of Manasseh, there were 120,000 men armed with all kinds of weapons.
12:38 All these men were warriors who were ready to march. 336 They came to Hebron to make David king over all Israel by acclamation; 337 all the rest of the Israelites also were in agreement that David should become king. 338 12:39 They spent three days feasting 339 there with David, for their relatives had given them provisions. 12:40 Also their neighbors, from as far away as Issachar, Zebulun, and Naphtali, were bringing food on donkeys, camels, mules, and oxen. There were large supplies of flour, fig cakes, raisins, wine, olive oil, beef, and lamb, 340 for Israel was celebrating. 341
13:1 David consulted with his military officers, including those who led groups of a thousand and those who led groups of a hundred. 342 13:2 David said to the whole Israelite assembly, “If you so desire and the Lord our God approves, 343 let’s spread the word 344 to our brothers who remain in all the regions of Israel, and to the priests and Levites in their cities, 345 so they may join us. 13:3 Let’s move the ark of our God back here, 346 for we did not seek his will 347 throughout Saul’s reign.” 348 13:4 The whole assembly agreed to do this, 349 for the proposal seemed right to all the people. 350 13:5 So David assembled all Israel from the Shihor River 351 in Egypt to Lebo Hamath, 352 to bring the ark of God from Kiriath Jearim. 13:6 David and all Israel went up to Baalah (that is, Kiriath Jearim) in Judah to bring up from there the ark of God the Lord, who sits enthroned between the cherubim – the ark that is called by his name. 353
13:7 They transported the ark on a new cart from the house of Abinadab; Uzzah and Ahio were guiding the cart, 13:8 while David and all Israel were energetically 354 celebrating before God, singing and playing various stringed instruments, 355 tambourines, cymbals, and trumpets. 13:9 When they arrived at the threshing floor of Kidon, Uzzah reached out his hand to take hold of 356 the ark, because the oxen stumbled. 13:10 The Lord was so furious with Uzzah, 357 he killed him, because he reached out his hand and touched the ark. 358 He died right there before God. 359
13:11 David was angry because the Lord attacked Uzzah; 360 so he called that place Perez Uzzah, 361 which remains its name to this very day. 13:12 David was afraid of God that day and said, “How will I ever be able to bring the ark of God up here?” 13:13 So David did not move the ark to the City of David; 362 he left it in the house of Obed-Edom the Gittite. 13:14 The ark of God remained in Obed-Edom’s house for three months; the Lord blessed Obed-Edom’s family and everything that belonged to him.
14:1 King Hiram of Tyre 363 sent messengers to David, along with cedar logs, stonemasons, 364 and carpenters to build a palace for him. 14:2 David realized that the Lord had established him as king over Israel and that he had elevated 365 his kingdom for the sake of his people Israel.
14:3 In Jerusalem 366 David married 367 more wives and fathered more sons and daughters. 14:4 These are the names of children born to him in Jerusalem: Shammua, Shobab, Nathan, Solomon, 14:5 Ibhar, Elishua, Elpelet, 14:6 Nogah, Nepheg, Japhia, 14:7 Elishama, Beeliada, 368 and Eliphelet.
14:8 When the Philistines heard that David had been anointed 369 king of all Israel, all the Philistines marched up to confront him. 370 When David heard about it, he marched out against 371 them. 14:9 Now the Philistines had come and raided 372 the Valley of Rephaim. 14:10 David asked God, “Should I march up against the Philistines? Will you hand them over to me?” The Lord said to him, “March up! I will hand them over to you!” 14:11 So they marched against Baal Perazim and David defeated them there. David said, “Using me as his instrument, 373 God has burst out against my enemies like water bursts out.” So that place is called Baal Perazim. 374 14:12 The Philistines left 375 their idols 376 there, so David ordered that they be burned.
14:13 The Philistines again raided the valley. 14:14 So David again asked God what he should do. 377 This time 378 God told him, “Don’t march up after them; circle around them and come against them in front of the trees. 379 14:15 When you hear the sound of marching in the tops of the trees, then attack. 380 For at that moment the Lord is going before you to strike down the army 381 of the Philistines.” 14:16 David did just as God commanded him, and they struck down the Philistine army from Gibeon to Gezer.
14:17 So David became famous 382 in all the lands; the Lord caused all the nations to fear him. 383
15:1 David constructed buildings in the City of David; he then prepared a place for the ark of God and pitched a tent for it. 15:2 Then David said, “Only the Levites may carry the ark of God, for the Lord chose them to carry the ark of the Lord and to serve before him perpetually. 15:3 David assembled all Israel at Jerusalem 384 to bring the ark of the Lord up to the place he had prepared for it. 15:4 David gathered together the descendants of Aaron and the Levites:
15:5 From the descendants of Kohath: Uriel the leader and 120 of his relatives.
15:6 From the descendants of Merari: Asaiah the leader and 220 of his relatives.
15:7 From the descendants of Gershom: 385 Joel the leader and 130 of his relatives.
15:8 From the descendants of Elizaphan: Shemaiah the leader and 200 of his relatives.
15:9 From the descendants of Hebron: Eliel the leader and 80 of his relatives.
15:10 From the descendants of Uzziel: Amminadab the leader and 112 of his relatives.
15:11 David summoned the priests Zadok and Abiathar, along with the Levites Uriel, Asaiah, Joel, Shemaiah, Eliel, and Amminadab. 15:12 He told them: “You are the leaders of the Levites’ families. You and your relatives must consecrate yourselves and bring the ark of the Lord God of Israel up to the place I have prepared for it. 15:13 The first time you did not carry it; that is why the Lord God attacked us, because we did not ask him about the proper way to carry it.” 386 15:14 The priests and Levites consecrated themselves so they could bring up the ark of the Lord God of Israel. 15:15 The descendants of Levi carried the ark of God on their shoulders with poles, just as Moses had ordered according to the divine command.
15:16 David told the leaders of the Levites to appoint some of their relatives as musicians; they were to play various instruments, including stringed instruments and cymbals, and to sing loudly and joyfully. 387 15:17 So the Levites appointed Heman son of Joel; one of his relatives, Asaph son of Berechiah; one of the descendants of Merari, 388 Ethan son of Kushaiah; 15:18 along with some of their relatives who were second in rank, including Zechariah, 389 Jaaziel, Shemiramoth, Jehiel, Unni, Eliab, Benaiah, Maaseiah, Mattithiah, Eliphelehu, Mikneiah, Obed-Edom, and Jeiel, the gatekeepers.
15:19 The musicians Heman, Asaph, and Ethan were to sound the bronze cymbals; 15:20 Zechariah, Aziel, Shemiramoth, Jehiel, Unni, Eliab, Maaseiah, and Benaiah were to play the harps according to the alamoth style; 390 15:21 Mattithiah, Eliphelehu, Mikneiah, Obed-Edom, Jeiel, and Azaziah were to play the lyres according to the sheminith style, 391 as led by 392 the director; 15:22 Kenaniah, the leader of the Levites, was in charge of transport, for he was well-informed on this matter; 393 15:23 Berechiah and Elkanah were guardians 394 of the ark; 15:24 Shebaniah, Joshaphat, Nethanel, Amasai, Zechariah, Benaiah, and Eliezer the priests were to blow the trumpets before the ark of God; Obed-Edom and Jehiel were also guardians 395 of the ark.
15:25 So David, the leaders of Israel, and the commanders of units of a thousand went to bring up the ark of the Lord’s covenant from the house of Obed-Edom with celebration. 15:26 When God helped the Levites who were carrying the ark of the Lord’s covenant, they sacrificed seven bulls and seven rams. 15:27 David was wrapped in a linen robe, as were all the Levites carrying the ark, the musicians, and Kenaniah the supervisor of transport and the musicians; 396 David also wore a linen ephod. 397 15:28 All Israel brought up the ark of the Lord’s covenant; they were shouting, blowing trumpets, sounding cymbals, and playing stringed instruments. 15:29 As the ark of the Lord’s covenant entered the City of David, Michal, Saul’s daughter, looked out the window. When she saw King David jumping and celebrating, she despised him. 398
16:1 They brought the ark of God and put it in the middle of the tent David had pitched for it. Then they offered burnt sacrifices and peace offerings 399 before God. 16:2 When David finished offering burnt sacrifices and peace offerings, he pronounced a blessing over the people in the Lord’s name. 16:3 He then handed out to each Israelite man and woman a loaf of bread, a date cake, and a raisin cake. 16:4 He appointed some of the Levites to serve before the ark of the Lord, to offer prayers, songs of thanks, and hymns to the Lord God of Israel. 16:5 Asaph was the leader and Zechariah second in command, followed by Jeiel, Shemiramoth, Jehiel, Mattithiah, Eliab, Benaiah, Obed-Edom, and Jeiel. They were to play stringed instruments; Asaph was to sound the cymbals; 16:6 and the priests Benaiah and Jahaziel were to blow trumpets regularly before the ark of God’s covenant.
16:7 That day David first gave to Asaph and his colleagues this song of thanks to the Lord:
16:8 Give thanks to the Lord!
Call on his name!
Make known his accomplishments among the nations!
16:9 Sing to him! Make music to him!
Tell about all his miraculous deeds!
16:10 Boast about his holy name!
Let the hearts of those who seek the Lord rejoice!
16:11 Seek the Lord and the strength he gives!
Seek his presence 400 continually!
16:12 Recall the miraculous deeds he performed,
his mighty acts and the judgments he decreed, 401
16:13 O children 402 of Israel, God’s 403 servant,
you descendants of Jacob, God’s 404 chosen ones!
16:14 He is the Lord our God;
he carries out judgment throughout the earth. 405
16:15 Remember 406 continually his covenantal decree,
the promise he made 407 to a thousand generations –
16:16 the promise 408 he made to Abraham,
the promise he made by oath to Isaac! 409
16:17 He gave it to Jacob as a decree,
to Israel as a lasting promise, 410
16:18 saying, “To you I will give the land of Canaan
as the portion of your inheritance.”
16:19 When they were few in number,
just a very few, and foreign residents within it,
16:20 they wandered from nation to nation,
and from one kingdom to another. 411
16:21 He let no one oppress them,
he disciplined kings for their sake,
16:22 saying, 412 “Don’t touch my anointed ones!
Don’t harm my prophets!”
16:23 Sing to the Lord, all the earth!
Announce every day 413 how he delivers!
16:24 Tell the nations about his splendor,
tell 414 all the nations about his miraculous deeds!
16:25 For the Lord is great and certainly worthy of praise,
he is more awesome than 415 all gods.
16:26 For all the gods of the nations are worthless, 416
but the Lord made the heavens. 417
16:27 Majestic splendor emanates from him, 418
he is the source of strength and joy. 419
16:28 Ascribe to the Lord, O families of the nations,
ascribe to the Lord splendor and strength!
16:29 Ascribe to the Lord the splendor he deserves! 420
Bring an offering and enter his presence!
Worship the Lord in holy attire! 421
16:30 Tremble before him, all the earth!
The world is established, it cannot be moved.
16:31 Let the heavens rejoice, and the earth be happy!
Let the nations say, 422 ‘The Lord reigns!’
16:32 Let the sea and everything in it shout!
Let the fields and everything in them celebrate!
16:33 Then let the trees of the forest shout with joy before the Lord,
for he comes to judge the earth!
16:34 Give thanks to the Lord, for he is good
and his loyal love endures. 423
16:35 Say this prayer: 424 “Deliver us, O God who delivers us!
Gather us! Rescue us from the nations!
Then we will give thanks 425 to your holy name,
and boast about your praiseworthy deeds.” 426
16:36 May the Lord God of Israel be praised,
in the future and forevermore. 427
Then all the people said, “We agree! 428 Praise the Lord!”
16:37 David 429 left Asaph and his colleagues there before the ark of the Lord’s covenant to serve before the ark regularly and fulfill each day’s requirements, 430 16:38 including Obed-Edom and sixty-eight colleagues. Obed-Edom son of Jeduthun and Hosah were gatekeepers. 16:39 Zadok the priest and his fellow priests served 431 before the Lord’s tabernacle at the worship center 432 in Gibeon, 16:40 regularly offering burnt sacrifices to the Lord on the altar for burnt sacrifice, morning and evening, according to what is prescribed in the law of the Lord which he charged Israel to observe. 433 16:41 Joining them were Heman, Jeduthun, and the rest of those chosen and designated by name to give thanks to the Lord. (For his loyal love endures!) 434 16:42 Heman and Jeduthun were in charge of the music, including the trumpets, cymbals, and the other musical instruments used in praising God. The sons of Jeduthun guarded the entrance. 435
16:43 Then all the people returned to their homes, and David went to pronounce a blessing on his family. 436
17:1 When David had settled into his palace, 437 he 438 said to Nathan the prophet, “Look, I am living in a palace 439 made from cedar, while the ark of the Lord’s covenant is under a tent.” 440 17:2 Nathan said to David, “You should do whatever you have in mind, 441 for God is with you.”
17:3 That night God told Nathan the prophet, 442 17:4 “Go, tell my servant David: ‘This is what the Lord says: “You must not build me a house in which to live. 17:5 For I have not lived in a house from the time I brought Israel up from Egypt 443 to the present day. I have lived in a tent that has been in various places. 444 17:6 Wherever I moved throughout Israel, I did not say 445 to any of the leaders whom I appointed to care for my people Israel, 446 ‘Why have you not built me a house made from cedar?’”’
17:7 “So now, say this to my servant David: ‘This is what the Lord who commands armies 447 says: “I took you from the pasture and from your work as a shepherd 448 to make you a leader of my people Israel. 17:8 I was with you wherever you went and I defeated 449 all your enemies before you. Now I will make you as famous as the great men of the earth. 450 17:9 I will establish a place for my people Israel and settle 451 them there; they will live there and not be disturbed 452 anymore. Violent men will not oppress them again, as they did in the beginning 453 17:10 and during the time when I appointed judges to lead my people Israel. I will subdue all your enemies.
“‘“I declare to you that the Lord will build a dynastic house 454 for you! 17:11 When the time comes for you to die, 455 I will raise up your descendant, 456 one of your own sons, to succeed you, and I will establish his kingdom. 17:12 He will build me a house, and I will make his dynasty permanent. 457 17:13 I will become his father and he will become my son. I will never withhold my loyal love from him, as I withheld it from the one who ruled before you. 458 17:14 I will put him in permanent charge of my house and my kingdom; his dynasty will be permanent.”’” 459 17:15 Nathan told David all these words that were revealed to him. 460
17:16 David went in, sat before the Lord, and said: “Who am I, O Lord God, and what is my family, 461 that you should have brought me to this point? 17:17 And you did not stop there, O God! You have also spoken about the future of your servant’s family. 462 You have revealed to me what men long to know, 463 O Lord God. 17:18 What more can David say 464 to you? You have honored your servant; you have given your servant special recognition. 465 17:19 O Lord, for the sake of your servant and according to your will, 466 you have done this great thing in order to reveal your greatness. 467 17:20 O Lord, there is none like you; there is no God besides you! What we heard is true! 468 17:21 And who is like your people, Israel, a unique nation 469 in the earth? Their God 470 went to claim 471 a nation for himself! You made a name for yourself by doing great and awesome deeds 472 when you drove out 473 nations before your people whom you had delivered from the Egyptian empire and its gods. 474 17:22 You made Israel your very own nation for all time. 475 You, O Lord, became their God. 17:23 So now, O Lord, may the promise you made about your servant and his family become a permanent reality! 476 Do as you promised, 477 17:24 so 478 it may become a reality 479 and you may gain lasting fame, 480 as people say, 481 ‘The Lord who commands armies is the God of Israel.’ 482 David’s dynasty 483 will be established before you, 17:25 for you, my God, have revealed to your servant that you will build a dynasty 484 for him. That is why your servant has had the courage to pray to you. 485 17:26 Now, O Lord, you are the true God; 486 you have made this good promise to your servant. 487 17:27 Now you are willing to bless your servant’s dynasty 488 so that it may stand permanently before you, for you, O Lord, have blessed it and it will be blessed from now on into the future.” 489
18:1 Later David defeated the Philistines and subdued them. He took Gath and its surrounding towns 490 away from the Philistines. 491
18:2 He defeated the Moabites; the Moabites became David’s subjects and brought tribute. 492
18:3 David defeated King Hadadezer of Zobah as far as Hamath, when he went to extend his authority 493 to the Euphrates River. 494 18:4 David seized from him 1,000 chariots, 7,000 charioteers, 495 and 20,000 infantrymen. David cut the hamstrings of all but a hundred of Hadadezer’s 496 chariot horses. 497 18:5 The Arameans of Damascus came to help King Hadadezer of Zobah, but David killed 22,000 of the Arameans. 18:6 David placed garrisons in the territory of the Arameans of Damascus; 498 the Arameans became David’s subjects and brought tribute. The Lord protected 499 David wherever he campaigned. 500 18:7 David took the golden shields which Hadadezer’s servants had carried 501 and brought them to Jerusalem. 502 18:8 From Tibhath 503 and Kun, 504 Hadadezer’s cities, David took a great deal of bronze. (Solomon used it to make the big bronze basin called “The Sea,” 505 the pillars, and other bronze items.
18:9 When King Tou 506 of Hamath heard that David had defeated the entire army of King Hadadezer of Zobah, 18:10 he sent his son Hadoram 507 to King David to extend his best wishes 508 and to pronounce a blessing on him for his victory over Hadadezer, for Tou had been at war with Hadadezer. 509 He also sent various items made of gold, silver, and bronze. 510 18:11 King David dedicated these things to the Lord, 511 along with the silver and gold which he had carried off from all the nations, including 512 Edom, 513 Moab, the Ammonites, the Philistines, and Amalek.
18:12 Abishai son of Zeruiah 514 killed 18,000 Edomites in the Valley of Salt. 18:13 He placed garrisons in Edom, and all the Edomites became David’s subjects. The Lord protected 515 David wherever he campaigned. 516
18:14 David reigned over all Israel; he guaranteed justice for all his people. 517 18:15 Joab son of Zeruiah was commanding general of 518 the army; Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud was secretary; 18:16 Zadok son of Ahitub and Abimelech son of Abiathar were priests; Shavsha 519 was scribe; 18:17 Benaiah son of Jehoiada supervised 520 the Kerethites and Pelethites; and David’s sons were the king’s leading officials. 521
19:1 Later King Nahash of the Ammonites died and his son succeeded him. 19:2 David said, “I will express my loyalty 522 to Hanun son of Nahash, for his father was loyal 523 to me.” So David sent messengers to express his sympathy over his father’s death. 524 When David’s servants entered Ammonite territory to visit Hanun and express the king’s sympathy, 525 19:3 the Ammonite officials said to Hanun, “Do you really think David is trying to honor your father by sending these messengers to express his sympathy? 526 No, his servants have come to you so they can get information and spy out the land!” 527 19:4 So Hanun seized David’s servants and shaved their beards off. 528 He cut off the lower part of their robes so that their buttocks were exposed 529 and then sent them away. 19:5 Messengers 530 came and told David what had happened to the men, so he summoned them, for the men were thoroughly humiliated. The king said, “Stay in Jericho 531 until your beards grow again; then you may come back.”
19:6 When the Ammonites realized that David was disgusted with them, 532 Hanun and the Ammonites sent 1,000 talents 533 of silver to hire chariots and charioteers from Aram Naharaim, Aram Maacah, and Zobah. 534 19:7 They hired 32,000 chariots, along with the king of Maacah and his army, who came and camped in front of Medeba. The Ammonites also assembled from their cities and marched out to do battle.
19:8 When David heard the news, he sent Joab and the entire army to meet them. 535 19:9 The Ammonites marched out and were deployed for battle at the entrance to the city, while the kings who had come were by themselves in the field. 19:10 When Joab saw that the battle would be fought on two fronts, he chose some of Israel’s best men and deployed them against the Arameans. 536 19:11 He put his brother Abishai in charge of the rest of the army and they were deployed against the Ammonites. 19:12 Joab 537 said, “If the Arameans start to overpower me, 538 you come to my rescue. If the Ammonites start to overpower you, 539 I will come to your rescue. 19:13 Be strong! Let’s fight bravely for the sake of our people and the cities of our God! The Lord will do what he decides is best!” 540 19:14 So Joab and his men 541 marched toward the Arameans to do battle, and they fled before him. 19:15 When the Ammonites saw the Arameans flee, they fled before Joab’s 542 brother Abishai and withdrew into the city. Joab went back to Jerusalem. 543
19:16 When the Arameans realized they had been defeated by Israel, they sent for reinforcements from beyond the Euphrates River, 544 led by Shophach the commanding general of Hadadezer’s army. 545 19:17 When David was informed, he gathered all Israel, crossed the Jordan River, 546 and marched against them. 547 David deployed his army against the Arameans for battle and they fought against him. 548 19:18 The Arameans fled before Israel. David killed 7,000 549 Aramean charioteers and 40,000 infantrymen; he also killed Shophach 550 the commanding general. 19:19 When Hadadezer’s subjects saw they were defeated by Israel, they made peace with David and became his subjects. The Arameans were no longer willing to help the Ammonites.
20:1 In the spring, at the time when kings normally conduct wars, 551 Joab led the army into battle and devastated the land of the Ammonites. He went and besieged Rabbah, while David stayed in Jerusalem. Joab defeated Rabbah and tore it down. 20:2 David took the crown from the head of their king 552 and wore it 553 (its weight was a talent 554 of gold and it was set with precious stones). He took a large amount of plunder from the city. 20:3 He removed the city’s residents and made them do hard labor with saws, iron picks, and axes. 555 This was his policy 556 with all the Ammonite cities. Then David and all the army returned to Jerusalem.
20:4 Later there was a battle 557 with the Philistines in Gezer. 558 At that time Sibbekai the Hushathite killed Sippai, 559 one of the descendants of the Rephaim, and the Philistines 560 were subdued.
20:5 There was another battle with the Philistines in which Elhanan son of Jair the Bethlehemite killed the brother of Goliath the Gittite, 561 whose spear had a shaft as big as the crossbeam of a weaver’s loom. 562
20:6 In a battle in Gath 563 there was a large man who had six fingers on each hand and six toes on each foot – twenty-four in all! He too was a descendant of Rapha. 20:7 When he taunted Israel, Jonathan son of Shimea, 564 David’s brother, killed him.
20:8 These were the descendants of Rapha who lived in Gath; they were killed 565 by the hand of David and his soldiers. 566
[14:1] 1 map For location see Map1 A2; Map2 G2; Map4 A1; JP3 F3; JP4 F3.
[14:1] 2 tn Heb “craftsman of a wall,” that is, masons skilled at building stone walls.
[14:2] 3 tn Heb “was lifted upwards.”
[14:3] 4 map For location see Map5 B1; Map6 F3; Map7 E2; Map8 F2; Map10 B3; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.
[14:7] 6 tn In 1 Chr 3:8 and 2 Sam 5:16 this name appears as “Eliada.” The form here represents a variant spelling of the name.
[14:8] 7 tn Or “designated”; NCV “had been made king”; CEV “had become king.”
[14:8] 8 tn Heb “to seek David.”
[14:8] 9 tn Heb “went out before.”
[14:11] 11 tn Heb “by my hand.”
[14:11] 12 sn The name Baal Perazim means “Lord of outbursts” in Hebrew.
[14:12] 13 tn Heb “abandoned.”
[14:14] 15 tn Heb “and David again asked God.”
[14:14] 16 tn The words “this time” are not in the Hebrew text.
[14:14] 17 tn The Hebrew word translated “trees” is defined by HALOT 129 s.v. בָּכָא as “shrubs.” Some translate “balsam trees” (see BDB 113 s.v. בָּכָא), cf. NASB, NIV, NRSV, NLT.
[14:15] 18 tn Heb “go out in battle.”
[14:17] 20 tn Heb “the name of David went out.”
[14:17] 21 tn Heb “and the
[14:1] 22 map For location see Map1 A2; Map2 G2; Map4 A1; JP3 F3; JP4 F3.
[14:1] 23 tn Heb “craftsman of a wall,” that is, masons skilled at building stone walls.
[1:4] 24 tc The LXX reads “Noah; the sons of Noah [were] Shem, Ham, and Japheth.” Several English translations (e.g., NIV, NLT) follow the LXX.
[1:4] sn Shem, Ham, and Japheth were Noah’s three sons (Gen 6:10).
[1:6] 25 tc Many medieval Hebrew
[1:7] 26 tn Or in this case, “descendants.”
[1:7] 27 tc The Kethiv has “Rodanim,” which probably refers to the island of Rhodes. The Qere has “Dodanim,” which refers to one of the most ancient and revered locations in ancient Greece. The MT and most medieval Hebrew
[1:7] tn Heb “Kittim and Rodanim.”
[1:10] 29 tn Heb “he began to be a mighty warrior in the earth.”
[1:12] 30 tn Heb “came forth.”
[1:17] 31 tc The words “the sons of Aram” do not appear in the Hebrew text. Apparently the phrase וּבְנֵי אֲרָם (uvÿney ’aram) has accidentally dropped out of the text by homoioteleuton (note the presence of אֲרָם just before this). The phrase is included in Gen 10:23.
[1:17] 32 tc The MT of the parallel geneaology in Gen 10:23 reads “Mash,” but the LXX there reads “Meshech” in agreement with 1 Chr 1:17.
[1:19] 33 sn Perhaps this refers to the scattering of the people at Babel (Gen 11:1-9).
[1:22] 34 tc Some medieval Hebrew
[1:24] 35 tc Some LXX
[1:29] 36 tn The words “the others were” are supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons.
[1:32] 37 sn A concubine was a slave woman in ancient Near Eastern societies who was the legal property of her master, but who could have legitimate sexual relations with her master. A concubine’s status was more elevated than a mere servant, but she was not free and did not have the legal rights of a free wife. The children of a concubine could, in some instances, become equal heirs with the children of the free wife. After the period of the Judges concubines may have become more of a royal prerogative (2 Sam 21:10-14; 1 Kgs 11:3).
[1:36] 38 tc Many medieval Hebrew
[1:36] 39 tn The Hebrew text has simply, “and Timna and Amalek,” but Gen 36:12 indicates that Timna, a concubine of Eliphaz, was the mother of Amalek. See also v. 39 below, which states that Timna was the sister of Lotan.
[1:39] 40 tn Perhaps this is the Timna mentioned in v. 36.
[1:40] 41 tc Some medieval Hebrew
[1:40] 42 tc A few medieval Hebrew
[1:41] 43 tn Heb “sons.” The Hebrew text has the plural, but only one son is listed. For stylistic reasons the singular “son” was used in the translation.
[1:41] 44 tn The parallel geneaology in Gen 36:26 has the variant spelling “Hemdan.” Some English versions follow the variant spelling here (e.g., NAB, NIV, NCV, CEV, NLT).
[1:42] 45 tn The parallel geneaology in Gen 36:27 has the variant spelling “Akan.” Among English versions that use the variant spelling here are NIV, NCV, NLT.
[1:42] 46 tc The MT reads “Dishon” here, but this should be emended to “Dishan.” See the list in v. 38 and Gen 36:28.
[1:44] 47 tn Heb “ruled in his place,” here and in vv. 45-50.
[1:48] 48 tn Or “near the river.”
[1:48] sn The river may refer to the Euphrates River (cf. NRSV, CEV, NLT).
[1:50] 49 tc Many medieval Hebrew
[1:53] 50 tn The parallel genealogy in Gen 36:42 has the variant spelling “Temam.”
[1:54] 51 tn Each of the names in this list is preceded by the word “chief” in the Hebrew text. This has not been included in the translation because it would appear very redundant to the modern reader.
[2:1] 52 tn The groupings in the list that follows, as well as the conjunctions (vav-consecutives in Hebrew), reflect those of the Hebrew text.
[2:3] 53 tn The name means “daughter of Shua.” Shua is identified in Gen 38:2 as a “Canaanite man.”
[2:3] 54 tn Heb “was evil in the eyes of the
[2:4] 55 tn Heb “his”; the referent (Judah) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[2:6] 56 tc Many medieval Hebrew
[2:7] 57 tn Heb “sons.” The Hebrew text has the plural, but only one son is listed.
[2:7] 58 tc The Hebrew text has “Achar,” which means “disaster,” but a few medieval Hebrew
[2:7] 59 tn Heb “the troubler of Israel who was unfaithful with respect to the devoted [things].”
[2:8] 60 tn Heb “sons.” The Hebrew text has the plural, but only one son is listed.
[2:9] 61 tn The Hebrew text has “Celubai,” but see v. 18, where Caleb is described as the son of Hezron.
[2:11] 62 tc The LXX reads “Salmon” (cf. Ruth 4:21) and is followed by some English versions (e.g., NIV, NCV, TEV, NLT).
[2:16] 63 tn In 2 Sam 2:18 this name appears as “Abishai,” a spelling followed by many English versions here.
[2:18] 64 tn Heb “and Caleb son of Hezron fathered [children] with Azubah, a wife, and with Jerioth.” Jerioth could be viewed as a second wife (so NLT; cf. also NASB, NIV, NRSV), but the following context mentions only “her [presumably Azubah’s] sons.” Another option, the one chosen in the translation, is that Jerioth is another name for Azubah.
[2:19] 65 tn Heb “took for himself.”
[2:21] 66 sn This means “later” in relation to the births of the three sons (Jerahmeel, Ram and Caleb) mentioned in v. 9.
[2:21] 67 tn Heb “Hezron went to.”
[2:21] 68 tn Heb “he took,” referring to taking in marriage.
[2:23] 69 tn Or “Havvoth Jair” (NIV, NRSV). Some translations do not translate the phrase (“havvoth” = “the towns of”), but treat it as part of the place name.
[2:24] 70 tn Heb “And after the death of Hezron in Caleb Ephrathah, and the wife of Hezron, Abijah, and she bore to him Ashhur the father of Tekoa.” Perhaps one could translate: “After Hezron died in Caleb Ephrathah, Abijah, Hezron’s wife, bore to him Ashhur, the father of Tekoa” (cf. NASB, NIV, NRSV). In this case the text suggests that Abijah was born after his father’s death. Because of the awkward syntax and the odd appearance of “Caleb Ephrathah” as a place name, some prefer to emend the text. Some alter בְּכָלֵב אֶפְרָתָה (bÿkhalev ’efratah, “in Caleb Ephrathah”) to בָּא כָלֵב אֶפְרָתָה (bo’ khalev ’efratah, “Caleb had sexual relations with Ephrath”) and then change אֲבִיָּה (’aviyyah, “Abijah”) to אָבִיהוּ (’avihu, “his father”). This results in the following translation: “And after Hezron’s death, Caleb had sexual relations with Ephrath, his father Hezron’s wife, and she bore to him Ashhur the father of Tekoa” (cf. NAB). This would mean that Caleb’s second wife Ephrath had actually been his late father’s wife (probably Caleb’s stepmother). Perhaps the text was subsequently altered because Caleb’s actions appeared improper in light of the injunctions in Lev 18:8; 20:11; Deut 22:30; 27:20 (which probably refer, however, to a son having sexual relations with his stepmother while his father is still alive).
[2:31] 71 tn Heb “sons.” The Hebrew text has the plural “sons” in all three instances in this verse, even though the following lists have only one name each.
[2:42] 72 tc Heb “and the sons of Mareshah,” but this does not fit contextually. Perhaps the text originally had וּבְנוֹ מִשְׁנֶה מָרֵשָׁה (uvÿno mishneh mareshah, “and his second son, Mareshah”), with מִשְׁנֶה (“second”) later accidentally falling out by homoioteleuton (cf. the note in BHS here).
[2:46] 73 sn See the note on the word “concubine” in 1:32.
[2:50] 74 tn Heb “son.” The Hebrew text has the singular, but the following list contains more than one name.
[2:50] 75 tn The Hebrew text reads “Ephrathah” here, but see v. 19, which mentions “Ephrath” as the wife of Hur.
[2:52] 76 tn The Hebrew text has “Menuchites” here, but v. 54 has “Manachathites.”
[2:53] 77 tn Heb “from these went forth the Zorathites and Eshtaolites.”
[2:55] 78 tn Or perhaps “the Sopherim.” The NAB transliterates this term and treats it as a proper name.
[2:55] 80 tn Or (if בֵּית [beth] is translated as “house” rather than considered to be part of the name) “the father of the house [i.e., family] of Rechab.”
[3:4] 81 tn Heb “him”; the referent (David) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[3:4] 82 map For location see Map5 B1; Map6 F3; Map7 E2; Map8 F2; Map10 B3; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.
[3:5] 83 tn “Shimea” (שִׁמְעָא, shim’a’) is a variant spelling of “Shammua” (שַׁמּוּעַ, shammua’; see 2 Sam 5:14). Some English versions use the spelling “Shammua” here (e.g., NIV, NCV).
[3:5] 84 tn Most Hebrew
[3:5] 85 tn In 2 Sam 11:3 Bathsheba is called “the daughter of Eliam,” while here her father’s name is given as “Ammiel.”
[3:6] 86 tn All but two Hebrew
[3:6] 87 tn The MT reads “Eliphelet” here, but 1 Chr 14:5 lists the name as “Elpelet” and is followed by some English versions here (e.g., TEV, NLT). Another son named “Eliphelet” is listed in 3:8.
[3:9] 88 sn See the note on the word “concubine” in 1:32.
[3:11] 89 sn Joram is a variant spelling of the name “Jehoram.”
[3:16] 90 tn Heb “Jeconiah,” a variation of the name “Jehoiachin” (also in v. 17).
[3:17] 91 tn Heb “prisoner.” Jehoiachin was carried off to Babylon as a prisoner. See 2 Chr 36:10.
[4:9] 92 tn In Hebrew the name יַעְבֵּץ (ya’bets, “Jabez”) sounds like the noun עֹצֶב (’otsev) which means “pain.”
[4:10] 93 tn On the use of אִם (’im, “if”) here, see HALOT 60 s.v.
[4:10] 94 tn Heb “and act from [i.e., so as to prevent] harm so that I might not be in pain.”
[4:10] 95 tn Heb “and God brought about what he had asked.”
[4:12] 96 tn Or “of the city of Nahash.”
[4:13] 97 tc “Meonothai” is read here by some
[4:14] 98 tn Heb “the father of Ge Harashim, for they were craftsmen.” The name “Ge Harashim” means “valley of craftsmen.”
[4:15] 99 tn Heb “and the sons of Elah and Kenaz.” Kenaz was actually the son of Elah.
[4:17] 100 tn The Hebrew text has simply, “and she gave birth to,” without identifying the subject. The words “Mered’s wife Bithiah” are added in the translation for clarification. See v. 18b, which mentions “Bethiah, whom Mered married.”
[4:18] 101 tn Heb “took,” referring to taking in marriage.
[4:20] 102 tn Or “and the son of Zoheth” (NAB). The word בֶּן (ben) in Hebrew means “son [of].”
[4:22] 103 tn Heb “and the words are old.”
[4:23] 104 tn Heb “and those who lived in Netaim and Gederah; with the king in his work they lived there.”
[4:33] 105 tc Some LXX
[4:34] 106 tn The words “their clan leaders were” are added in the translation for clarification. See v. 38a, which makes this clear.
[4:41] 107 tn The Hebrew text reads “their tents,” apparently referring to those of the Hamites mentioned at the end of v. 40. Some prefer to emend the text to read, “the tents of Ham.”
[4:41] 108 tn Heb “and they lived in place of them.”
[4:43] 109 tn Heb “and struck down the remnant that had escaped belonging to Amalek.”
[5:1] 110 sn The phrase when he defiled his father’s bed refers to Reuben having sexual relations with his father Jacob’s concubine Bilhah. This incident is recorded in Gen 35:22.
[5:1] 111 tn Heb “and not to be listed in the genealogical records as (having) the right of the firstborn.”
[5:2] 112 tn Heb “and [one] for a leader [was] from him.” This probably refers to the Davidic king.
[5:6] 113 tn Heb “Tilgath-pilneser,” a variant spelling of Tiglath-pileser (also in v. 26).
[5:6] 114 tn Heb “he”; the referent (Beerah) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[5:10] 115 tn Heb “and in the days of Saul they made war with the Hagrites and they fell by their hand and they lived in their tents unto all the face of the east of Gilead.”
[5:13] 116 tn Heb “and their brothers by the house of their fathers.”
[5:15] 117 tn Heb “was the head of the house of their fathers.”
[5:16] 118 tn Heb “unto their extremities.”
[5:18] 119 tn Heb “the sons of Reuben and the Gadites and half of the tribe of Manasseh, from the sons of bravery, men carrying a shield and sword and treading a bow and trained for war, 44,760 going out for warfare.”
[5:19] 120 tn Heb “made war with.”
[5:20] 121 tn Heb “and they were helped against them and they were given over into their hand, the Hagrites and all who were with them, for to God they cried out in the battle and he was entreated [or “allowed himself to be entreated”] by them for they trusted in him.”
[5:21] 122 tn Heb “their”; the referent (the Hagrites) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[5:22] 123 tn Heb “from God [was] the battle.”
[5:22] 124 tn Heb “many slain fell.”
[5:22] 125 tn Heb “and they lived in place of them until the exile.” The referent of “them” (the Hagrites) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[5:24] 126 tn Heb “and these [were] the heads of the house of their fathers.”
[5:24] 127 tn Heb “men of names.”
[5:25] 129 tn Heb “prostituted themselves after.”
[5:25] 130 tn Heb “the peoples of the land.”
[5:26] 131 tn Heb “stirred up the spirit of.”
[5:26] 132 tn Heb “and the spirit of Tilgath-pilneser king of Assyria.” “Pul” and “Tilgath-pilneser” were names of the same Assyrian ruler, more commonly known as Tiglath-pileser (cf. 2 Kgs 15:29).
[6:1] 133 sn Beginning with 6:1, the verse numbers through 6:81 in the English Bible differ from the verse numbers in the Hebrew text (BHS), with 6:1 ET = 5:27 HT, 6:2 ET = 5:28 HT, 6:16 ET = 6:1 HT, etc., through 6:81 ET = 6:66 HT. Beginning with 7:1 the verse numbers in the ET and HT are again the same.
[6:10] 134 map For location see Map5 B1; Map6 F3; Map7 E2; Map8 F2; Map10 B3; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.
[6:15] 135 tn The words “the people of” are added in the translation for clarification.
[6:16] 136 sn Chapter 6 of 1 Chr begins here in the Hebrew text; 6:16-81 ET = 6:1-66 HT. See the note at 6:1.
[6:16] 137 tn The name “Gershom” (also in vv. 17, 20, 43, 62, 71) appears as “Gershon” in 1 Chr 6:1.
[6:19] 138 tn Heb “by their fathers.”
[6:22] 139 tn Or perhaps, “descendants,” since the list differs from the one in v. 18.
[6:25] 140 tn Heb “and Achimoth.”
[6:26] 141 tc The consonantal Hebrew text (Kethib) has, “Elkanah, his son, Elkanah.” The marginal reading (Qere) is “Elkanah, the sons of Elkanah.” The text probably originally read simply, “Elkanah his son.”
[6:27] 142 tc After the last named individual (“Elkanah” in v. 27) some LXX
[6:28] 143 tc The Hebrew text lacks the name יוֹאֵל (yo’el, “Joel”), which has probably dropped out due to homoioteleuton (note the last three letters of the preceding name שְׁמוּאֵל (shÿmuel, “Samuel”).
[6:32] 145 tn Heb “they were serving…with music.”
[6:32] 146 tn Or traditionally “tabernacle.”
[6:32] 147 map For location see Map5 B1; Map6 F3; Map7 E2; Map8 F2; Map10 B3; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.
[6:39] 148 tn Heb “and his brother Asaph, the one who stood at his right hand.”
[6:40] 149 tc A few Hebrew
[6:44] 150 tn Heb “and the sons of Merari, their brothers, on the left.”
[6:48] 151 tn Heb “their brothers, the Levites.”
[6:48] 152 tn Heb “were assigned to all the work of the tabernacle of the house of God.”
[6:49] 153 tn Heb “for all the work of the holy of holies.”
[6:49] 154 tn Heb “making atonement for Israel according to all which Moses the servant of God commanded.”
[6:54] 155 tn Heb “and these were their dwelling places according to their encampments in their territory to the sons of Aaron.”
[6:54] 156 tn Heb “to the clan of the Kohathites for to them was the lot.”
[6:57] 157 tn The parallel account in Josh 21:13 has the singular “city,” which apparently refers only to Hebron.
[6:58] 158 tc The MT reads “Hilez” here; the place name appears as “Holon” in Josh 21:15.
[6:59] 159 tc The MT reads “Ashan” here; the place name appears as “Ain” in Josh 21:16.
[6:59] 160 tc The LXX and Syriac (following the parallel list in Josh 21:16) add “Juttah and its pasturelands” here. Cf. NAB “Jetta”; also NIV, NCV, NLT “Juttah.”
[6:60] 161 tn The parallel passage in Josh 21:17 adds “Gibeon and its pasturelands” (cf. NAB, NIV, NCV, NLT). The words “they were allotted” are supplied in the translation for both clarity and stylistic reasons.
[6:61] 162 tn Heb “to the sons of Kohath who were left from the clan of the tribe, from the half of the tribe of the half of Manasseh by lot ten cities.”
[6:62] 163 tn Heb “and to the sons of Gershom by their clans from the tribe of Issachar, and from the tribe of Asher, and from the tribe of Naphtali, and from the tribe of Manasseh in Bashan, thirteen cities.”
[6:63] 164 tn Heb “and to the sons of Merari by their clans from the tribe of Reuben, and from the tribe of Gad, and from the tribe of Zebulun by lot, twelve cities.”
[6:65] 165 tn Heb “and they gave by lot from the tribe of the sons of Judah, and from the tribe of the sons of Simeon, and from the tribe of the sons of Benjamin these cities, which they called them by names.”
[6:66] 166 tn Heb “and from [it is probably preferable to read “to” here] the clans of the sons of Kohath and there were the cities of their territory from the tribe of Ephraim.”
[6:67] 167 tn The parallel account in Josh 21:21 has the singular “city,” referring only to Shechem.
[6:70] 168 tn Heb “and from the half of the tribe of Manasseh, Aner and its pasturelands and Bileam and its pasturelands to the clan, to the sons of Kohath who were left.”
[6:71] 169 tn Heb “to the sons of Gershom.”
[6:77] 170 tn Heb “to the sons of Merari, who were left.”
[6:77] 171 tc Before “Rimmono” the LXX (following the parallel passage in Josh 21:34) adds “Jokneam and its pasturelands, Kartah and its pasturelands.” This addition is included in some English versions (e.g., NAB, NIV, NCV, NLT).
[6:78] 172 tn Heb “and from across the Jordan at Jericho, on the east of the Jordan, from the tribe of Reuben.” The word “River” is supplied in the translation for clarity.
[6:78] map For location see Map5 B2; Map6 E1; Map7 E1; Map8 E3; Map10 A2; Map11 A1.
[7:2] 173 tn Many English versions spell this name “Ibsam.”
[7:2] 174 tn Many English versions retain a form of this name closer to the Hebrew, i.e., “Shemuel.”
[7:2] 175 tn Heb “heads of the house of their fathers.”
[7:2] 176 tn Heb “to Tola [there were] warriors by their generations, their number in the days of David [was] 22,600.”
[7:3] 177 tn The Hebrew text has the plural “sons,” but only one son is listed.
[7:4] 178 tn Heb “and unto them by their generations to the house of their fathers [were] troops of war of battle, 36,000, for they had many wives and sons.”
[7:5] 179 tn Heb “and their brothers, according to all the clans of Issachar, the warriors [were] 87,000 listed in the genealogical records for all.”
[7:6] 180 tc The Hebrew text has simply “Benjamin,” but בְּנֵי (bÿney, “sons of”) has dropped out by haplography (בְּנֵי בִּנְיָמִן, bÿney binyamin).
[7:10] 181 tn The Hebrew text has the plural “sons,” but only one son is listed.
[7:12] 182 tn The name “Aher” appears as “Ahiram” in Num 26:38.
[7:13] 183 tn The name “Jahziel” appears as “Jahzeel” in Gen 46:24.
[7:13] 184 tc Most Hebrew
[7:14] 185 sn See the note on the word “concubine” in 1:32.
[7:15] 186 tn Some translations treat the terms שֻׁפִּים (shuppim) and חֻפִּים (khuppim) as proper names of individuals (“Huppim” and “Shuppim”), but others consider these forms to be plurals and refer to tribal or clan names.
[7:15] 187 tn Heb “and the name of the second was Zelophehad.”
[7:17] 188 tn The Hebrew text has the plural “sons,” but only one son is listed.
[7:23] 189 tn Heb “he”; the referent (Ephraim) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[7:23] 190 tn Heb “because in tragedy there had come to his house.” The preposition prefixed to רָעָה (ra’ah) should probably be omitted. The Hebrew noun רָעָה (“tragedy”) should be understood as the subject of the feminine verb form that follows.
[7:25] 191 tn The antecedent of the pronoun “his” is not clear. The translation assumes that v. 25 resumes the list of Ephraim’s descendants (see vv. 20-21a) after a lengthy parenthesis (vv. 21b-24).
[7:25] 192 tc The Hebrew text has simply “Resheph,” but the phrase “his son” has probably been accidentally omitted, since the names before and after this one include the phrase.
[7:27] 193 tn Heb “Non” (so KJV, NASB; cf. Exod 33:11, where the more familiar spelling “Nun” occurs).
[7:28] 194 map For location see Map4 G4; Map5 C1; Map6 E3; Map7 D1; Map8 G3.
[7:29] 195 tn “Beth Shean” is a variant spelling of “Beth Shan.”
[7:29] 196 map For location see Map1 D4; Map2 C1; Map4 C2; Map5 F2; Map7 B1.
[7:34] 197 tc The Hebrew text has אֲחִי (’akhiy, “the brother of”), but this should probably be emended to אֲחִיו (’akhiyv, “his brother”). Cf. v. 35. Most English versions treat this Hebrew word as a proper name (“Ahi”) and list it before “Rohgah.”
[7:34] 198 tn Or “Shomer,” cf. v. 32.
[7:34] 199 tc “Hubbah” is the marginal reading (Qere); the consonantal text (Kethib) has “Jachbah.”
[7:35] 200 tn Or “Hotham,” cf. v. 32.
[7:37] 201 tn The name “Ithran” is sometimes understood to be another name for “Jether” (v. 38).
[7:40] 202 tn Heb “all these were the sons of Asher, heads of the house of the fathers, selected, warriors, heads of the leaders, and there was listed in the genealogical records in war, in battle, their number, men, 26,000.”
[8:1] 203 sn Aharah is called “Ahiram” in Num 26:38.
[8:7] 204 tn Heb “he”; the referent (Gera) has been supplied in the translation for clarity.
[8:28] 205 map For location see Map5 B1; Map6 F3; Map7 E2; Map8 F2; Map10 B3; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.
[8:29] 206 tc Some LXX
[8:30] 207 tc Some LXX
[8:31] 208 tc The Hebrew text omits the name “Mikloth,” but it may have fallen out accidentally by haplography. Note that the name immediately follows at the beginning of v. 32; cf. NAB.
[8:32] 209 tn Heb “and also they, opposite their brothers, lived in Jerusalem with their brothers.” This redundancy has been removed in the translation.
[8:33] 210 sn Eshbaal is called “Ishbosheth” in 2 Sam 2:8.
[8:34] 211 sn Meribbaal is called “Mephibosheth” in 2 Sam 4:4.
[8:38] 212 tc The Hebrew text has בֹּכְרוּ (bokhÿru), which some understand as a name: “Bocheru” (so, e.g., NEB, NASB, NIV, NRSV). But the form should probably be revocalized בְּכֹרוֹ (bÿkhoru, “his firstborn”). A name has accidentally dropped from the list, and a scribe apparently read בֹּכְרוּ as one of the names.
[8:38] 213 tc The Lucianic recension of the LXX inserts another name here, καὶ Ἀζαριας (kai Azarias, “and Azariah”), presumably to make up the six sons mentioned at the beginning of the verse (see the previous tc note on “firstborn”). Cf. NAB.
[8:40] 214 tn Heb “and the sons of Ulam were men, warriors and treaders of a bow.”
[9:1] 215 tn The Hebrew text has simply “Judah,” though the verb הָגְלוּ (hoglu, “carried away”) is plural.
[9:2] 216 tn Heb “and the inhabitants, the first who [were] in their property in their cities, Israel, the priests, the Levites, and the temple servants.”
[9:3] 217 map For location see Map5 B1; Map6 F3; Map7 E2; Map8 F2; Map10 B3; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.
[9:4] 218 tn The words “the settlers included” are supplied in the translation for clarity and for stylistic reasons.
[9:9] 219 tn Heb “and all these men were heads of fathers for the house of their fathers.”
[9:13] 220 tn Heb “capable [for] the work of the task of the house of God.”
[9:19] 221 tn Heb “and his brothers belonging to the house of his father, the Korachites, to the work of the task, guardians of the threshold of the tent.”
[9:19] 222 tn Heb “and their fathers to the camp of the
[9:22] 223 tn The Hebrew term is רֹאֶה (ro’eh, “seer”), an older word for נָבִיא (navi’, “prophet”).
[9:22] 224 tn Heb “they – David appointed, and Samuel the seer, in their position.”
[9:23] 225 tn Heb “and they and their sons to the gates of the house of the
[9:26] 226 tn Heb “in the house of God.”
[9:27] 227 tn Heb “in the house of God.”
[9:28] 228 tn Heb “and from them over the articles of the task, for by number they would bring them in, and by number they would bring them out.”
[9:29] 229 tn Heb “holy place.”
[9:31] 230 tn The word “son” is not in the Hebrew text, but is implied.
[9:33] 231 tn Heb “were in rooms.” The words “at the sanctuary” are supplied in the translation for clarification.
[9:38] 232 tn Heb “and also they, opposite their brothers, lived in Jerusalem with their brothers.” This redundancy has been removed in the translation.
[9:38] map For location see Map5 B1; Map6 F3; Map7 E2; Map8 F2; Map10 B3; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.
[9:39] 233 sn Eshbaal is called “Ishbosheth” in 2 Sam 2:8.
[9:40] 234 sn Meribbaal is called “Mephibosheth” in 2 Sam 4:4.
[9:41] 235 tc The name “Ahaz” is included in the Vulgate and Syriac, but omitted in the MT. It probably was accidentally omitted by haplography. Note that the name appears at the beginning of the next verse. Cf. also 8:35.
[9:42] 236 tc So MT; some Hebrew
[9:44] 237 tc The Hebrew text has בֹּכְרוּ (bokhÿru), which some understand as a name: “Bocheru” (so, e.g., NEB, NASB, NIV, NRSV, NLT). But the form should probably be revocalized בְֹּכרוֹ (bÿkhoro, “his firstborn”). A name has accidentally dropped from the list, and a scribe apparently read בֹּכְרוּ as one of the names. Cf. also 1 Chr 8:38.
[10:2] 238 tn Heb “stuck close after.”
[10:2] 239 tn Heb “the Philistines.” The translation has substituted the pronoun “they” to avoid redundancy.
[10:2] 240 tn Heb “his”; the referent (Saul) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[10:3] 242 tn Heb “and they found him, the ones who shoot with the bow, and he was in pain from the ones shooting.”
[10:4] 243 tn Heb “so these uncircumcised ones might not come and abuse me.”
[10:6] 244 tn Heb “all his house.” This is probably to be understood as a general summary statement. It could include other males in Saul’s household besides his three sons, cf. 1 Sam 31:6. If it refers only to the male members of his household who would have stood in succession to the throne (cf. NLT, “bringing his dynasty to an end,”) even here there is an exception, since one of Saul’s sons, Eshbaal (or “Ishbosheth” in 2 Sam 2:8) was not killed in the battle and became king over Israel, which he ruled for two years (2 Sam 2:10) until he was assassinated by Rechab and Baanah (2 Sam 4:5-6). The tribe of Judah never acknowledged Ishbosheth as king; instead they followed David (2 Sam 2:10).
[10:7] 245 tn Heb “they”; the referent (the army) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[10:10] 246 tn Or “god.” The Hebrew term may be translated as singular or plural depending on the context.
[10:12] 247 tn Heb “arose and carried away the corpse of Saul and the corpses of his sons.”
[10:12] 248 tn Heb “their bones.”
[10:13] 249 tn Heb “and Saul died because of his unfaithfulness by which he acted unfaithfully against the
[10:14] 250 tn Heb “he”; the referent (the
[11:1] 251 tn Heb “look, your bone and your flesh [are] we.”
[11:2] 252 tn Heb “you were the one who led out and the one who brought in Israel.”
[11:3] 255 tn Or “They poured olive oil on David to designate him as king.”
[11:3] 256 tn Heb “according to the word of the
[11:4] 257 tn Heb “all Israel.”
[11:4] 258 sn Jebus was an older name for the city of Jerusalem (cf. Josh 15:8; Judg 1:21).
[11:4] map For location see Map5 B1; Map6 F3; Map7 E2; Map8 F2; Map10 B3; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.
[11:4] 259 tn Heb “and there [were] the Jebusites, the inhabitants of the land.”
[11:6] 260 sn Verse 6 inserts into the narrative parenthetical information about Joab’s role in the conquest of the city. Verse 7 then picks up where v. 5 left off.
[11:6] 261 tn Or perhaps “strikes down.”
[11:6] 262 tn Heb “head and officer.”
[11:8] 265 tn Heb “to that which surrounds.” On the referent here as “the surrounding walls,” see HALOT 740 s.v. סָבִיב.
[11:9] 266 tn Heb “and David went, going and becoming great, and the
[11:10] 267 tn Heb “and these were the heads of the warriors who were David’s, who held strongly with him in his kingdom and with all Israel to make him king, according to the word of the
[11:11] 268 tn Heb “and these are the number of the warriors who were David’s.”
[11:11] 269 tc The marginal reading (Qere) has “officers;” the consonantal text (Kethib) has “the Thirty” (see v. 15).
[11:11] 270 tn Heb “he was wielding his spear against 300, [who were] slain at one time.”
[11:12] 271 tn Heb “after him.”
[11:13] 272 tc Some read here “Ephes Dammim.” See 1 Sam 17:1.
[11:14] 273 tn Heb “delivered it.”
[11:14] 274 tn Heb “and the
[11:16] 275 map For location see Map5 B1; Map7 E2; Map8 E2; Map10 B4.
[11:17] 276 tn Heb “Who will give me water to drink?” On the rhetorical use of מִי (mi) here, see BDB 566 s.v. f.
[11:18] 277 tn Heb “the three,” referring to the three elite warriors mentioned in v. 12.
[11:19] 278 tn Heb “Far be it to me from my God from doing this.”
[11:19] 279 tn Heb “with their lives.” The same expression occurs later in this verse.
[11:19] 280 tn Heb “These things the three warriors did.”
[11:20] 281 tc The Syriac reads “thirty” here and at the beginning of v. 21; this reading is followed by some English translations (cf. NAB, NASB, NRSV, NLT).
[11:20] 282 tn Heb “he was wielding his spear against three hundred, [who were] slain.”
[11:20] 283 tn Heb “and to him [reading with the Qere] there was a name among the three.”
[11:21] 284 tn Or “more than.”
[11:21] 285 tn Heb “of the three.”
[11:22] 286 tc Heb “the two of Ariel, Moab.” The precise meaning of אֲרִיאֵל (’ari’el) is uncertain; some read “warrior.” The present translation assumes that the word is a proper name and that בְּנֵי (bÿney, “sons of”) has accidentally dropped from the text by homoioarcton (note the preceding שְׁנֵי, shÿney).
[11:23] 287 tn Heb “five cubits.” Assuming a length of 18 inches for the standard cubit, this individual would be 7.5 feet (2.3 m) tall.
[11:23] 288 tn Heb “went down to.”
[11:25] 289 tn Or “more than.”
[11:26] 290 map For location see Map5 B1; Map7 E2; Map8 E2; Map10 B4.
[11:27] 291 tn The parallel text of 2 Sam 23:25 has the variant spelling of “Shammah.”
[11:27] 292 tn The parallel text of 2 Sam 23:26 has the variant spelling of “Paltite.”
[11:29] 293 tn In 2 Sam 23:27 this individual’s name is given as “Mebunnai.”
[11:29] 294 tn The parallel text of 2 Sam 23:28 has the variant “Zalmon.”
[11:31] 295 tn The parallel text of 2 Sam 23:29 has the variant spelling “Ittai.”
[11:32] 296 tn The parallel text of 2 Sam 23:28 has the variant spelling “Hiddai.”
[11:32] 297 tn The parallel text of 2 Sam 23:31 has the variant spelling “Abi-Albon.”
[11:33] 298 tn The parallel text of 2 Sam 23:31 has the variant spelling “Barhumite.”
[11:34] 299 tn In 2 Sam 23:32 this individual’s name is given as “Jashen.”
[11:34] 300 tn The parallel text of 2 Sam 23:33 has the variant spelling “Shammah.”
[11:35] 301 tn In 2 Sam 23:33 this individual’s name is given as “Sharar.”
[11:35] 302 tn The parallel text of 2 Sam 23:34 has the variant “Eliphelet son of Ahasbai the Maacathite.”
[11:37] 303 tn The parallel text of 2 Sam 23:35 has the variant spelling “Hezrai.”
[11:38] 304 tn The parallel text of 2 Sam 23:36 has the variant “Igal son of Nathan from Zobah.”
[12:1] 305 tn Heb “kept from.”
[12:2] 306 tn Heb “ones armed with bow[s], using the right hand and the left hand with stones and with arrows with the bow, from the brothers of Saul from Benjamin.”
[12:2] 307 tn The words “These were” have been supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons, because of the length of the intervening material since the beginning of the verse.
[12:4] 308 sn In the Hebrew text (BHS) a verse division occurs at this point, and for the remainder of the chapter the verse numbers of the Hebrew Bible differ by one from the English Bible. Thus 1 Chr 12:4b ET = 12:5 HT, and 12:5-40 ET = 12:6-41 HT. Beginning with 13:1 the verse numbers in the ET and HT are again the same.
[12:8] 309 tn Heb “warriors, men of battle for war, prepared with shield and spear, and [like] the face of a lion were their faces, and like gazelles on the hills to hurry.”
[12:14] 310 tn Heb “one for a hundred the small, and the great for a thousand.” Another option is to translate the preposition -לְ (lamed) as “against” and to understand this as a hyperbolic reference to their prowess: “the least could stand against a hundred, the greatest against a thousand.”
[12:15] 311 tn The word “River” is not in the Hebrew text, but has been supplied for clarity.
[12:15] 312 sn That is, March-April.
[12:15] 313 tn Heb “and they chased all the valleys to the east and to the west.”
[12:17] 314 tn Heb “and David went out before them and answered and said to them.”
[12:17] 315 tn Heb “there will be to me concerning you a heart for unity.”
[12:17] 316 tn Heb “with no violence in my hands.”
[12:18] 318 tn Perhaps “the Spirit,” but the text has simply רוּחַ (ruakh) with no article (suggesting an indefinite reference).
[12:18] 320 tn The words “and he said” are supplied in the translation for clarity and for stylistic reasons.
[12:18] 321 tn Heb “are with.”
[12:18] 322 tn Heb “Peace, peace to you.” The Hebrew term שָׁלוֹם (shalom, “peace”) is repeated to emphasize degree.
[12:18] 323 tn Heb “and peace to the one who helps you.”
[12:19] 325 tn Heb “fell upon,” here in a good sense.
[12:19] 326 tn Heb “and they did not help them for by counsel they sent him away, the lords of the Philistines, saying, ‘With our heads he will fall to his master Saul.’”
[12:20] 327 tn Heb “he”; the referent (David) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[12:22] 328 tn Heb “for at the time of day in a day they were coming to David to help him until [there was] a great camp like the camp of God.” The term אֱלֹהִים (’elohim, “God”) is probably used idiomatically here to indicate the superlative.
[12:23] 329 tn Heb “these are the numbers of the heads of the forces armed for battle [who] came to David in Hebron to turn over the kingdom of Saul to him according to the mouth of the
[12:24] 330 tn Heb “the sons of Judah, carrying shield and spear, [were] 6,800 armed for battle.”
[12:29] 331 tn Heb “from the sons of Benjamin, the brothers of Saul.”
[12:29] 332 tn Heb “and until then, the majority of them were keeping the charge of the house of Saul.”
[12:30] 333 tn Heb “men of names for the house of their fathers.”
[12:32] 334 tn Heb “from the sons of Issachar, knowers of understanding for times to know what Israel should do, their heads [were] 200, and all their brothers according to their mouth.”
[12:33] 335 tn Heb “from Zebulun, those going out for battle, prepared for war with all weapons of war, 50,000, and to help without a heart and a heart.”
[12:38] 336 tc Heb “all these [were] men of war, helpers of the battle line.” The present translation assumes an emendation of עֹדְרֵי (’odÿrey, “helpers of”) to עֹרְכֵי, (’orÿkhey, “prepared for”).
[12:38] 337 tn Heb “with a complete heart they came to Hebron to make David king over all Israel.”
[12:38] 338 tn Heb “and also all the rest of Israel [was of] one mind to make David king.”
[12:39] 339 tn Heb “eating and drinking.”
[12:40] 340 tn Heb “cattle and sheep.”
[12:40] 341 tn Heb “for there was joy in Israel.”
[13:1] 342 tn Heb “and David consulted with the officers of thousands and hundreds, to every ruler.”
[13:2] 343 tn Heb “If to you [it is] good and from the
[13:2] 344 tn Heb “let us spread and let us send.” The words “the word” are supplied in the translation for clarification.
[13:2] 345 tn Heb “in the cities of their pasturelands.”
[13:3] 347 tn Heb “him.” In this case, seeking God’s will is what is implied.
[13:3] 348 tn Heb “in the days of Saul.”
[13:4] 349 tn Heb “all the assembly said to do so.”
[13:4] 350 tn Heb “for right was the word in the eyes of all the people.”
[13:5] 351 tn The word “River” is not in the Hebrew text, but has been supplied for clarity.
[13:5] sn The Shihor River was a river on the border of Egypt, probably the eastern branch of the Nile.
[13:5] 352 tn Or “the entrance to Hamath.”
[13:6] 353 tn Heb “the ark of God the
[13:8] 354 tn Heb “with all strength.”
[13:8] 355 tn Heb “with songs and with zithers [meaning uncertain] and with harps.” Due to the collocation with “harps,” some type of stringed instrument is probably in view.
[13:10] 357 tn Heb “and the anger of the
[13:10] 358 tn Heb “because he stretched out his hand over the ark.”
[13:10] 359 sn The modern reader might think God seemed to overreact here, but Israel needed a vivid object lesson of God’s holiness. By loading the ark on a cart, David had violated the instructions in God’s law (Exod 25:12-14; Num 4:5-6, 15). Uzzah’s action, however innocent it may seem, betrayed a certain lack of reverence for God’s presence. God had to remind his people that his holiness could not under any circumstances be violated.
[13:11] 360 tn Heb “because the
[13:11] 361 sn The name Perez Uzzah means in Hebrew “the outburst [against] Uzzah.”
[13:13] 362 sn The phrase the City of David refers here to the fortress of Zion in Jerusalem, not to Bethlehem. See 2 Sam 5:7.
[14:1] 363 map For location see Map1 A2; Map2 G2; Map4 A1; JP3 F3; JP4 F3.
[14:1] 364 tn Heb “craftsman of a wall,” that is, masons skilled at building stone walls.
[14:2] 365 tn Heb “was lifted upwards.”
[14:3] 366 map For location see Map5 B1; Map6 F3; Map7 E2; Map8 F2; Map10 B3; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.
[14:7] 368 tn In 1 Chr 3:8 and 2 Sam 5:16 this name appears as “Eliada.” The form here represents a variant spelling of the name.
[14:8] 369 tn Or “designated”; NCV “had been made king”; CEV “had become king.”
[14:8] 370 tn Heb “to seek David.”
[14:8] 371 tn Heb “went out before.”
[14:11] 373 tn Heb “by my hand.”
[14:11] 374 sn The name Baal Perazim means “Lord of outbursts” in Hebrew.
[14:12] 375 tn Heb “abandoned.”
[14:14] 377 tn Heb “and David again asked God.”
[14:14] 378 tn The words “this time” are not in the Hebrew text.
[14:14] 379 tn The Hebrew word translated “trees” is defined by HALOT 129 s.v. בָּכָא as “shrubs.” Some translate “balsam trees” (see BDB 113 s.v. בָּכָא), cf. NASB, NIV, NRSV, NLT.
[14:15] 380 tn Heb “go out in battle.”
[14:17] 382 tn Heb “the name of David went out.”
[14:17] 383 tn Heb “and the
[15:3] 384 map For location see Map5 B1; Map6 F3; Map7 E2; Map8 F2; Map10 B3; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.
[15:7] 385 sn Gershom is a variant spelling of the name Gershon.
[15:13] 386 tn Heb “because for what was at first [i.e., formerly] you [were] not, the
[15:16] 387 tn Heb “causing to be heard to lift up with a voice of joy.”
[15:17] 388 tn The Hebrew text adds, “their brothers.”
[15:18] 389 tc The Hebrew text adds בֶּן (ben, “son”) here; the word is omitted in three Hebrew
[15:20] 390 tn The meaning of the Hebrew word עֲלָמוֹת (’alamot) is uncertain; perhaps it refers to a particular style of music. See HALOT 835-36 s.v. עַלְמָה.
[15:21] 391 tn The meaning of the Hebrew word שְׁמִינִית (shÿminit) is uncertain; perhaps it refers to a particular style of music. See HALOT 1562 s.v. שְׁמִינֹי.
[15:21] 392 tn Heb “for” or “according to.”
[15:22] 393 tn Heb “and Kenaniah, the leader of the Levites, with lifting up, supervising with lifting up, for he was well-informed.” The precise nuance of מַשָּׂא (masa’, “lifting up”) is unclear. Some understand it as a reference to supervising the singing and music (e.g., NIV: “Kenaniah…was in charge of the singing”; NEB: “Kenaniah…was precentor in charge of the music”).
[15:23] 394 tn Heb “gatekeepers.”
[15:24] 395 tn Heb “gatekeepers.”
[15:27] 396 tn Heb “the leader, the lifting up, the musicians.” See also the note on the word “matter” in v. 22.
[15:27] 397 sn An ephod was a priestly garment worn over the robe.
[15:29] 398 tn The Hebrew text adds “in her heart.”
[16:1] 399 tn Or “tokens of peace”; NIV “fellowship offerings.”
[16:12] 401 tn Heb “and the judgments of his mouth.”
[16:13] 403 tn Heb “his”; the referent (God) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[16:13] 404 tn Heb “his”; the referent (God) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[16:14] 405 tn Heb “in all the earth [are] his judgments.”
[16:15] 406 tn The Hebrew text has a masculine plural imperative, addressed to the people. Some LXX
[16:15] 407 tn Heb “[the] word he commanded.” The text refers here to God’s unconditional covenantal promise to Abraham and the patriarchs, as vv. 16-18 make clear.
[16:16] 409 tn Heb “his oath to Isaac.”
[16:17] 410 tn Or “eternal covenant.”
[16:20] 411 tn Heb “and from a kingdom to another nation.”
[16:22] 412 tn The word “saying” is supplied in the translation for clarification and for stylistic reasons.
[16:23] 413 tn Heb “from day to day.”
[16:24] 414 tn The verb “tell” is understood by ellipsis (note the preceding line).
[16:25] 415 tn Or “feared above.”
[16:26] 416 tn The Hebrew word אֱלִילִים (’elilim, “worthless”) sounds like אֱלֹהִים (’elohim, “gods”). The sound play draws attention to the statement. Many modern English translations render this term as “idols” here.
[16:26] 417 tn Or “the sky” (also in v. 31). The Hebrew term שָׁמַיִם (shamayim) may be translated “heaven(s)” or “sky” depending on the context.
[16:27] 418 tn Heb “majesty and splendor [are] before him.”
[16:27] 419 tn Heb “strength and joy [are] in his place.”
[16:29] 420 tn Heb “the splendor of [i.e., due] his name.”
[16:29] 421 tn Or “in holy splendor.”
[16:31] 422 tn Heb “let them say among the nations.”
[16:34] 423 tn Or “is eternal.”
[16:35] 424 tn The words “this prayer” are supplied in the translation for clarity and for stylistic reasons.
[16:35] 425 tn Heb “to give thanks.” The infinitive construct indicates result after the imperative.
[16:35] 426 tn Heb “to boast in your praise.”
[16:36] 427 tn Heb “from everlasting to everlasting.”
[16:36] 428 tn This is the Hebrew term אָמֵן (’amen, “surely”), traditionally transliterated “amen.”
[16:37] 429 tn Heb “he”; the referent (David) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[16:37] 430 tn Heb “according to the matter of the day in its day.”
[16:39] 431 tn The word “served” is supplied in the translation for clarity and for stylistic reasons.
[16:39] 432 tn Or “high place.”
[16:40] 433 tn Heb “which he commanded Israel.”
[16:41] 434 tn Perhaps this refers to the refrain of their songs of praise (see Ps 136). In this case one could translate, “to give thanks to the
[16:42] 435 tn Heb “and with them, Heman and Jeduthun, trumpets and cymbals for sounding, and the instrument of song of God, and the sons of Jeduthun [were] at the gate.”
[16:43] 436 tn Heb “to bless his house.” Elsewhere when “house” is the object of “bless,” it refers to a household or family. See, for example, 1 Chr 13:14; 17:27. However, since בֵּית (bet, “house”) refers to a literal house or home earlier in the verse and to David’s palace in 17:1, one might translate here, “David went to pronounce a blessing on [i.e., dedicate] his house [i.e., palace].”
[17:1] 438 tn Heb “David.” The pronoun “he” has been used in the translation here to avoid redundancy in keeping with contemporary English style.
[17:1] 440 tn Heb “tent curtains.”
[17:2] 441 tn Heb “all which is in your heart.”
[17:3] 442 tn Heb “the word of God was [i.e., came] to Nathan the prophet.”
[17:5] 443 tn The words “from Egypt” are supplied in the translation for clarification.
[17:5] 444 tc Heb “and I was from tent to tent and from tabernacle.” The words אֶל־מִשְּׁכָּן (’el-mishÿkan, “to tabernacle”) should probably be added at the end of the sentence to complete this prepositional phrase and produce symmetry with the preceding prepositional phrase. The words probably fell from the text by homoioteleuton.
[17:5] sn I have lived in a tent that has been in various places. The point here is that the Lord moved with the tabernacle as it moved from place to place; he did not confine himself to a particular location.
[17:6] 445 tn In the Hebrew text the statement is phrased as a rhetorical question (“Did I say?”) meaning “I did not say.”
[17:6] 446 tn Heb “to one of the judges of Israel whom I commanded to shepherd my people.”
[17:7] 447 tn Traditionally, “
[17:7] 448 tn Heb “and from after sheep.”
[17:8] 450 tn Heb “and I will make for you a name like the name of the great men who are in the earth.”
[17:9] 453 tn Heb “and sons of violence will no longer consume them as in the beginning.”
[17:10] 454 tn Here the word “house” is used in a metaphorical sense, referring to a royal dynasty. The
[17:11] 455 tn Heb “and it will be when your days are full to go with your ancestors.”
[17:11] 456 tn Heb “your seed.”
[17:12] 457 tn Heb “and I will establish his throne permanently.”
[17:13] 458 sn The one who ruled before you is a reference to Saul, from whom the kingdom was taken and given to David.
[17:14] 459 tn Heb “and his throne will be established permanently.”
[17:15] 460 tn Heb “according to all these words and according to all this revelation, so Nathan said to David.”
[17:17] 462 tn Heb “and this was small in your eyes, O God, so you spoke concerning the house of your servant for a distance.”
[17:17] 463 tn The translation “You have revealed to me what men long to know” is very tentative; the meaning of the Hebrew text is unclear. The text appears to read literally, “and you see me like the searching of man, that which is upward,” which is nonsensical. The translation above assumes the following: (1) The Qal verb translated “you see me” is repointed as a Hiphil, “you showed me,” (2) תּוֹר (tor) is understood in the sense of “searching, exploring,” and (3) הַמַּעֲלָה (hamma’alah) is taken in a temporal sense of “that which lies beyond.” Thus one could translate, “you have shown me what men search for, what lies beyond.”
[17:18] 464 tn The word “say” is supplied in the translation for clarification.
[17:18] 465 tn Heb “for honoring your servant, and you, your servant, know.”
[17:19] 467 tn Heb “to make known all the great deeds.”
[17:20] 468 tn The Hebrew text reads literally, “in all which we heard with our ears,” but בְּכֹל (bÿkhol, “in all”) should probably be emended to כְּכֹל (kÿkhol, “according to all”).
[17:21] 469 tn Heb “a nation, one.”
[17:21] 470 tn Heb “whose God,” or “because God.” In the Hebrew text this clause is subordinated to what precedes. The clauses are separated in the translation for stylistic reasons.
[17:21] 471 tn Heb “redeem” or “deliver.”
[17:21] 472 tn Heb “to make for yourself a name [with] great and awesome [deeds].”
[17:21] 473 tn Heb “to drive out.”
[17:21] 474 tn Heb “from Egypt, nations.” The parallel text in 2 Sam 7:23 reads “from Egypt, nations and its gods.”
[17:22] 475 tn Heb “and you made your people Israel your own for a people permanently.”
[17:23] 476 tn Heb “and now, O
[17:23] 477 tn Heb “as you have spoken.”
[17:24] 478 tn Following the imperative in v. 23b, the prefixed verbal form with vav (ו) conjunctive indicates purpose/result: “so it might become a reality.”
[17:24] 479 tn Heb “so it might be established.”
[17:24] 480 tn Heb “and your name might be great permanently.” Following the imperative in v. 23b, the prefixed verbal form with vav conjunctive indicates purpose/result (parallel to the previous purpose/result clause): “[so]…you might gain lasting fame.”
[17:24] 481 tn Heb “saying.” The words “as people” are supplied in the translation for clarification and for stylistic reasons.
[17:24] 482 tc Heb “the
[17:24] 483 tn Heb “the house of David.”
[17:25] 485 tn Heb “That is why your servant found to pray before you.” Perhaps the phrase אֶת לִבּוֹ (’et libbo, “his heart”) should be supplied as the object of the verb “found.”
[17:26] 486 tn Heb “the God.” The article indicates uniqueness here.
[17:26] 487 tn Heb “and you have spoken to your servant this good thing.”
[17:27] 489 tn Heb “for you, O
[18:1] 490 tn 2 Sam 8:1 identifies this region as “Metheg Ammah.”
[18:1] 491 tn Heb “from the hand of the Philistines.” Here “hand” is figurative language for “control.”
[18:2] 492 tn Heb “and the Moabites were servants of David, carriers of tribute.”
[18:3] 494 tn Heb “when he went to set up his hand at the Euphrates River.” The Hebrew word יָד (yad, “hand”) is usually understood to mean “control” or “dominion” here. However, since יָד does occasionally refer to a monument, perhaps one could translate, “to set up his monument at the Euphrates River” (i.e., as a visible marker of the limits of his dominion). For another example of the Hiphil of נָצַב (natsav) used with יָד (“monument”), see 1 Sam 15:12.
[18:4] 496 tn Heb “his”; the referent (Hadadezer) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[18:4] 497 tn Heb “and David cut the hamstrings of all the chariot horses, and he left from them one hundred chariot horses.”
[18:6] 498 tc Heb “and David placed in Aram of Damascus.” The object נְצִיבִים (nÿtsivim, “garrisons”) appears to have been accidentally omitted from the text. See v. 13, as well as the parallel passage in 2 Sam 8:6, which includes it.
[18:6] 500 tn Or “wherever he went.”
[18:7] 501 tn Heb “which were upon the servants of Hadadezer.”
[18:7] 502 map For location see Map5 B1; Map6 F3; Map7 E2; Map8 F2; Map10 B3; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.
[18:8] 503 tn The MT reads “Tibhath” here, a variant name for Tebah (cf. 2 Sam 8:8). Some English translations substitute the other version of the name here (e.g., NIV, NLT), while others follow the reading of the Hebrew text at this point (e.g., NAB, NASB, NRSV).
[18:8] 504 tn The parallel text of 2 Sam 8:8 has the variant name “Berothai.”
[18:8] 505 tn Heb “the sea of bronze,” or “[the] sea, the bronze one.” See the note at 1 Kgs 7:23.
[18:9] 506 tn The name is spelled “Toi” in the parallel text in 2 Sam 8:9.
[18:10] 507 tn The name is spelled “Joram” in the parallel text in 2 Sam 8:10.
[18:10] 508 tn Heb “to ask concerning him for peace.”
[18:10] 509 tn Heb “and to bless him because he fought with Hadadezer and defeated him, for Hadadezer was a man of battles with Tou.”
[18:10] 510 tn Heb “[along with] all items of gold and silver and bronze.”
[18:11] 511 tn Heb “also them King David made holy to the
[18:11] 513 tc The parallel text of 2 Sam 8:12 of the MT reads “Aram.” However, a few Hebrew
[18:12] 514 tn The parallel text of 2 Sam 8:13 attributes this victory to David.
[18:13] 515 tn Or “delivered.”
[18:13] 516 tn Or “wherever he went.”
[18:14] 517 tn Heb “and he was doing what is just and fair for all his people.”
[18:16] 519 tn The parallel text of 2 Sam 8:17 has the variant spelling “Seraiah.”
[18:17] 520 tn Heb “[was] over.”
[18:17] 521 tn Heb “and the sons of David [were] the heads at the hand of David.” The parallel text of 2 Sam 8:18 identifies them as “priests” (see sn there on the word “priests”).
[19:2] 522 tn Heb “do loyalty.”
[19:2] 523 tn Heb “did loyalty.”
[19:2] 524 tn Heb “to console him concerning his father.”
[19:2] 525 tn Heb “and the servants of David came to the land of the sons of Ammon to Hanun to console him.”
[19:3] 526 tn Heb “Is David honoring your father in your eyes when he sends to you ones consoling?”
[19:3] 527 tc Heb “Is it not to explore and to overturn and to spy out the land (that) his servants have come to you?” The Hebrew term לַהֲפֹךְ (lahafakh, “to overturn”) seems misplaced in the sequence. Some emend the form to לַחְפֹּר (lakhpor, “to spy out”). The sequence of three infinitives may be a conflation of alternative readings.
[19:4] 528 tn Heb “shaved them.” See v. 5.
[19:4] 529 tn Heb “and he cut their robes in the middle unto the buttocks.”
[19:5] 530 tn Heb “they.” The logical referent, though not specified in the Hebrew text, has been supplied in the translation for clarity.
[19:5] 531 map For location see Map5 B2; Map6 E1; Map7 E1; Map8 E3; Map10 A2; Map11 A1.
[19:6] 532 tn Heb “that they were a stench [i.e., disgusting] with David.”
[19:6] 533 tn The Hebrew word כִּכַּר (kikar, “circle”) refers generally to something that is round. When used of metals it can refer to a disk-shaped weight made of the metal or, by extension, to a standard unit of weight. According to the older (Babylonian) standard the “talent” weighed 130 lbs. (58.9 kg), but later this was lowered to 108.3 lbs. (49.1 kg). More recent research suggests the “light” standard talent was 67.3 lbs. (30.6 kg). Using this as the standard for calculation, the Ammonites hired chariots and charioteers for about 33.7 tons (30,600 kg) of silver.
[19:6] 534 tn The parallel text of 2 Sam 10:6 has “Aram Beth Rehob and Aram Zobah.”
[19:8] 535 tn The words “the news” and “to meet them” are added in the translation for stylistic reasons and for clarification.
[19:10] 536 tc The parallel text of 2 Sam 10:10 has “the Ammonites” in place of “the Arameans” here.
[19:10] tn Heb “and Joab saw that the face of the battle was to him before and behind and he chose from all the best in Israel and arranged to meet Aram.”
[19:12] 537 tn Heb “he”; the referent (Joab) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[19:12] 538 tn Heb “if Aram is stronger than me.”
[19:12] 539 tn Heb “if the sons of Ammon are stronger than you.”
[19:13] 540 tn Heb “and the
[19:14] 541 tn Heb “and the army which was with him.”
[19:15] 542 tn Heb “his”; the referent (Joab) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[19:15] 543 map For location see Map5 B1; Map6 F3; Map7 E2; Map8 F2; Map10 B3; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.
[19:16] 544 tn Heb “the River,” referring to the Euphrates. This has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[19:16] 545 tn Heb “and Aram saw that they were struck down before Israel and they sent messengers and brought out Aram which is beyond the River, and Shophach the commander of the army of Hadadezer [was] before them.”
[19:17] 546 tn The word “River” is not in the Hebrew text, but has been supplied in the translation for clarity.
[19:17] 547 tc The parallel text of 2 Sam 10:17 “he came to Helam.”
[19:17] tn Heb “and he came to them and was deployed against them.”
[19:17] 548 tn Heb “and David was deployed to meet Aram [for] battle and they fought with him.”
[19:18] 549 tc The parallel text of 2 Sam 10:18 has “seven hundred.”
[19:18] 550 tn The parallel text of 2 Sam 10:18 has the variant spelling “Shobach.”
[20:1] 551 tn Heb “and it was at the time of the turning of the year, at the time of the going out of kings.”
[20:2] 552 tc The translation follows the MT, which reads “of their king”; the LXX and Vulgate read “of Milcom” (cf. 1 Kgs 11:5). Milcom, also known as Molech, was the god of the Ammonites.
[20:2] 553 tn Heb “and it was on the head of David.”
[20:2] 554 sn See the note on the word “talents” in 19:6.
[20:3] 555 tc The Hebrew text reads “saws,” but since saws were just mentioned, it is preferable to emend מְגֵרוֹת (mÿgerot, “saws”) to מַגְזְרוֹת (magzÿrot, “axes”).
[20:3] 556 tn Heb “and so he would do.”
[20:4] 557 tn Heb “battle stood.”
[20:4] 558 tn The parallel text in 2 Sam 21:18 identifies this site as “Gob.”
[20:4] 559 tn The parallel text in 2 Sam 21:18 has the variant spelling “Saph.”
[20:4] 560 tn Heb “they”; the referent (the Philistines) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[20:5] 561 tc The Hebrew text reads, “Elchanan son of Jair killed Lachmi the brother of Goliath the Gittite.” But it is likely that the accusative marker in front of לַחְמִי (lakhmiy, “Lachmi”) is a corruption of בֵּית (bet), and that אֶת־לַחְמִי (’et-lakhmiy) should be emended to בֵּית הַלַּחְמִי (bet hallakhmiy, “the Bethlehemite”). See 2 Sam 21:19.
[20:5] 562 tc See tc note on the parallel passage in 2 Sam 21:19.
[20:6] 563 tn Heb “and there was another battle, in Gath.”
[20:7] 564 tn The parallel text in 2 Sam 21:21 has the variant spelling “Shimeah.”
